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    Chemical composition, nutritional values, elemental analysis and biological properties of Prunus mahaleb L.: From waste to new potential sources for food, cosmetic and drug industry
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2023) Güven, Zühal Bayrakçeken; Alshehri, Osama; Yüce, Neslihan; Bakan, Ebubekir; Demirci, Betül; Yılmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Ertaş, Abdulselam
    Prunus mahaleb L. seeds are widely used in the baking industry as spice for flavouring. While achieving the mahaleb powder for commercial use in local companies, the seeds are sometimes mixed unintentionally with their kernels (stony shell) during sieving procedure. As the chemical and biological properties of the kernel of seeds are not well known, the kernel, seeds and the market sample obtained from a local supplier are decided to investigate individually. The antioxidant capacity and the trace element analyses of the seeds and kernels were performed by TEAC and CUPRAC assays and ICP-MS. The market sample was analysed for nutrient and oil composition. Fatty acid composition of the oil was determined with GC-FID and GC-MS methods. The chemical composition of the methanol extract of the seeds and kernels was studied by LC-MS/MS. Trace elements Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Se were determined in the methanol extracts, ethyl acetate and water fractions. Mushroom tyrosinase enzyme inhibitions of 33 different extracts and fractions of various waste parts of the plant (kernel, fruit, twigs, flos, leaves) were investigated. The nutritional values showed that the market sample had high nutritious properties. The fatty acid content of the oil was found to be valuable in remedying dysfunctions of the body. Kernel ethylacetate fraction showed the highest tyrosinase enzyme inhibition. The role of copper element on enzyme activity was determined. The kernels are accepted as a waste material may also be evaluated as a good promising choice for food, cosmetic and drug industry.
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    Öğe
    A nationwide multicentre study in Turkey for establishing reference intervals of haematological parameters with novel use of a panel of whole blood
    (Croatian Soc Medical Biochemistry & Laboratory Medicine, 2017) Ozarda, Yesim; Ichihara, Kiyoshi; Bakan, Ebubekir; Polat, Harun; Ozturk, Nurinnisa; Baygutalp, Nurcan K.; Taneli, Fatma
    Introduction: A nationwide multicentre study was conducted to establish well-defined reference intervals (Rls) of haematological parameters for the Turkish population in consideration of sources of variation in reference values (RVs). Materials and methods: K2-EDTA whole blood samples (total of 3363) were collected from 12 laboratories. Sera were also collected for measurements of iron, UIBC, TIBC, and ferritin for use in the latent abnormal values exclusion (LAVE) method. The blood samples were analysed within 2 hours in each laboratory using Cell Dyn and Ruby (Abbott), LH780 (Beckman Coulter), or XT-2000i (Sysmex). A panel of freshly prepared blood from 40 healthy volunteers was measured in common to assess any analyser-dependent bias in the measurements. The SD ratio (SDR) based on ANOVA was used to judge the need for partitioning RVs. Rls were computed by the parametric method with/without applying the LAVE method. Results: Analyser-dependent bias was found for basophils (Bas), MCHC, RDW and MPV from the panel test results and thus those Rls were derived for each manufacturer. Rls were determined from all volunteers' results for WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, MCV, MCH and platelets. Gender-specific Rls were required for RBC, haemoglobin, haematocrit, iron, UIBC and ferritin. Region-specific Rls were required for RBC, haemoglobin, haematocrit, UIBC, and TIBC. Conclusions: With the novel use of a freshly prepared blood panel, manufacturer-specific Rls' were derived for Bas, Bas%, MCHC, RDW and MPV. Regional differences in Rls were observed among the 7 regions of Turkey, which may be attributed to nutritional or environmental factors, including altitude.