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    Automated efficient traffic gesture recognition using swin transformer-based multi-input deep network with radar images
    (Springer London Ltd, 2025) Fırat, Hüseyin; Üzen, Hüseyin; Atila, Orhan; Şengür, Abdulkadir
    Radar-based artificial intelligence (AI) applications have gained significant attention recently, spanning from fall detection to gesture recognition. The growing interest in this field has led to a shift towards deep convolutional networks, and transformers have emerged to address limitations in convolutional neural network methods, becoming increasingly popular in the AI community. In this paper, we present a novel hybrid approach for radar-based traffic hand gesture classification using transformers. Traffic hand gesture recognition (HGR) holds importance in AI applications, and our proposed three-phase approach addresses the efficiency and effectiveness of traffic HGR. In the initial phase, feature vectors are extracted from input radar images using the pre-trained DenseNet-121 model. These features are then consolidated by concatenating them to gather information from diverse radar sensors, followed by a patch extraction operation. The concatenated features from all inputs are processed in the Swin transformer block to facilitate further HGR. The classification stage involves sequential application of global average pooling, Dense, and Softmax layers. To assess the effectiveness of our method on ULM university radar dataset, we employ various performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, achieving an average accuracy score of 90.54%. We compare this score with existing approaches to demonstrate the competitiveness of our proposed method.