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Öğe Alterations in Maxillary Sinus Volume among Oral and Nasal Breathers(Int Scientific Literature, Inc, 2015) Agacayak, Kamil Serkan; Gulsun, Belgin; Koparal, Mahmut; Atalay, Yusuf; Aksoy, Orhan; Adiguzel, OzkanBackground: Oral breathing causes many changes in the facial anatomical structures in adult patients. In this study we aimed to determine the effects of long-term oral breathing (>5 years) on the maxillary sinus volumes among adult male patients. Material/Methods: We accessed medical records of 586 patients who had undergone cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for any reason between September 2013 and April 2014. Patients who had undergone cone-beam dental volumetric tomography scans for any reason and who had answered a questionnaire about breathing were screened retrospectively. Cone beam dental volumetric tomography (I-Cat, Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA, USA) was used to take the images of the maxillo-facial area at a setting of 120 kVp and 3.7 mA. This study involved male patients older than 21 years of age. Results: The study included a total of 239 male patients, of which 68 were oral breathers and 171 were nasal breathers. The mean age of the oral breathers was 48.4 years and that of the nasal breathers was 46.7 years and the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The mean maxillary sinus volumes of the oral and nasal breathers were 9043.49 +/- 1987.90 and 10851.77 +/- 2769.37, respectively, and the difference in maxillary sinus volume between the 2 groups was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusions: The volume of maxillary sinus in oral breathers (>5 years) was significantly lower than in nasal breathers, but it remains unclear whether this is due to malfunctioning of the nasal cavity or due to the underlying pathological condition.Öğe Comparison of the effects of different loading locations on stresses transferred to straight and angled implant-supported zirconia frameworks: a finite element method study(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Guven, Sedat; Atalay, Yusuf; Asutay, Fatih; Ucan, Musa Can; Dundar, Serkan; Karaman, Tahir; Gunes, NedimThe paper presents three-dimensional (3D) finite element models of straight and angled implants and their zirconium-based superstructures. The key objective was to compare the influence of different loading conditions on the stress distribution of straight and angled implants and the zirconia frameworks. 3D finite element straight- and angled-implant models of a mandibular section of bone with missing second molars and their zirconium-based superstructures were used. The straight and angled implants were 4.7 x 13-mm screw-type dental implant systems. Total loads of 300 N were applied in a vertical direction and in an oblique (30 degrees to the vertical) direction buccolingually. Maximum and minimum von Mises stress values of the titanium structures (abutment and implant body) and zirconia frameworks were calculated. When the two groups were examined, the highest stress value was in the zirconia framework of the angled implant-supported model with an oblique loading force (731.46 MPa). The lowest stress values were concentrated in the straight implant-supported model. Thus, the stress values in the angled implant-supported crown were higher than those in the straight implant-supported model. Stress values with oblique loading forces were higher than the values with vertical loading forces. The highest stress value in the zirconia framework was similar to the ultimate strength of the zirconia.Öğe Displaced lower third molar tooth into the submandibular space: Two case reports(Medknow Publications, 2014) Köse, İbrahim; Koparal, Mahmut; Güneş, Nedim; Atalay, Yusuf; Yaman, Ferhan; Atılgan, Serhat; Kaya, GürkanThe aim of this article is to emphasize that the accidental displacement of a lower third molar during extraction is a rare, but potentially serious complication. We present two case reports on a lower third molar tooth dislodged into the submandibular space following its removal from the sockets and the subsequent management of this rare complication. Differences in the direction of displacement, the size of fragment, delay in retrieval, and tissue reactions can all influence this potential serious complication and hence no one technique is uniformly applicable. Though a rare complication, clinicians must be aware of possible lower third molars dislodgement into tissue spaces and the necessity to initiate prompt and appropriate management.Öğe The effects of amlodipine and platelet rich plasma on bone healing in rats(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2015) Atalay, Yusuf; Bozkurt, Mehmet Fatih; Gonul, Yucel; Cakmak, Omer; Agacayak, Kamil Serkan; Kose, Ibrahim; Hazman, OmerAim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of calcium channel blocker (CCB) amlodipine (AML), platelet rich plasma (PRP), and a mixture of both materials on bone healing. Materials and methods: Fifty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: group A, tibia defect model with no treatment; group B, tibia defect model treated with AML, 0.04 mg daily by oral gavage; group C, tibia defect model treated with local PRP; group D, tibia defect model treated with local PRP and AML, 0.04 mg daily by oral gavage. Results: At day 21, bone healing was significantly better in groups C and D compared to group A (P<0.05), but comparisons showed no statistically significant difference in group B (P>0.05). At day 30, groups B and C showed no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) compared to group A, but bone healing in group D was significantly better than in group A (P<0.05). Statistically, AML did not affect alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity at 21 and 30 days (P>0.05), but PRP and AML + PRP increased ALP activity statistically (P<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that AML had neither a positive nor a negative effect on bone healing, but when used in combination with PRP, it may be beneficial.Öğe Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on palatal mucosal defects and tooth extraction sockets(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2014) Gunay, Ahmet; Arpag, Osman Fatih; Atilgan, Serhat; Yaman, Ferhan; Atalay, Yusuf; Acikan, IzzetAim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on palatal mucosal defects and tooth extraction sockets in an experimental model. Materials and methods: Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean age of 7 weeks and weighing 280-490 g were used in this study. The rats were randomly divided into two groups: group A (the control group, n=21) and group B (the experimental group, n=21). Under anesthesia with ketamine (8 mg/100 g, intraperitoneally), palatal mucosal defects were created and tooth extraction was performed in the rats in groups A and B. Group A received no treatment, whereas group B received CAPE. CAPE was injected daily (10 mu mol/kg, intraperitoneally). The rats were killed on days 7, 14, and 30 after the procedures. Palatal mucosa healing and changes in bone tissue and fibrous tissue were evaluated histopathologically. Result: Pairwise comparisons showed no statistically significant difference between days 7 and 14 in either group (P>0.05). At day 30, bone healing was significantly better in group B (CAPE) than in group A (control) (P<0.05). Fibrinogen levels at day 30 were significantly higher in group A (control) than in group B (CAPE) (P<0.05). Pairwise comparisons showed no statistically significant difference in palatal mucosa healing levels between days 7 and 14 in both groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that CAPE can significantly improve tooth socket healing.Öğe The effects of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 and low-level laser irradiation on synthetic graft healing in a rat bony defect model(E-Century Publishing Corp, 2016) Koparal, Mahmut; Kose, Ibrahim; Atalay, Yusuf; Cakmak, Omer; Alan, Hilal; Agacayak, Kamil Serkan; Erdogdu, Ibrahim HalilWe assessed the benefit of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) and low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) on the osseointegration of synthetic bone grafts. Synthetic bone grafts are safe alternatives to autografts. BMP-2 and LLLI have been shown separately to improve bone healing. However, their effects have not been evaluated together with synthetic materials. Here, we used a rat model to compare the efficacy of BMP-2 and LLLI on synthetic graft healing. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 35) were divided equally into groups: control (defect only), graft only, graft and BMP-2, graft and LLLI, and a combination of graft, LLLI, and BMP-2. A 3 x 3 mm monocortical tibial defect was filled using a synthetic graft with or without 2 mg/mL BMP-2 pre-treatment. LLLI was performed using an optical fibre and an indium-gallium-arsenide-phosphate laser for 60 s daily for 7 days, delivering 6.0 J/day. Histopathology was performed 4 weeks post-graft using a standardised scoring system (1-5, based on the degree of healing observed). Groups were compared using the MannWhitney U test, with p values < 0.05 considered significant. Osteogenesis was poor in both the control and graft-only groups (1.4 +/- 0.5 and 2.3 +/- 0.5, respectively). BMP-2-(4.3 +/- 0.5), LLLI-(3.7 +/- 0.5), and BMP-2/LLLI-treated (4.7 +/- 0.5) grafts all displayed significantly more healing than the control or graft alone groups (P < 0.001). Both BMP-2 and LLLI significantly improved the osseointegration of synthetic bone grafts. However, no synergy was noted between the therapies.Öğe Elektromanyetik alan ve Pentoksifilin’in kemik iyileşmesi üzerine etkisinin histopatolojik açıdan deneysel olarak araştırılması(2017) Atalay, Yusuf; Güner, RezzanMaksillofasiyal alan travmalardan en çok etkilenen bölgelerden birisidir. Multisistem travmalı hastaların % 60’ından fazlasında fasiyal yaralanmanın mevcut olduğu literatürde vurgulanmaktadır. Etiyolojide; trafik kazaları, darp, düşme, ateşli silah yaralanması, spor yaralanmaları ve iş kazaları önemli faktörlerdir. Günümüzde Ağız, Diş, Çene Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Kliniklerinin başlıca uğraş alanlarından biri çene fraktürleridir. Maksillofasiyal fraktürler ile ilgili çalışmalarda; tanı, tedavi yöntemleri, komplikasyonlar kadar kemik iyileşmesi üzerinde yapılan çalışmalar da oldukça önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Kemik iyileşme mekanizmasının sağlıklı işleyişi, greft uygulamaları, ortognatik cerrahi işlemler ve kemik defektlerinin onarımı gibi çok çeşitli cerrahi prosedürlerde de başarının temelini oluşturan faktörlerdendir. Bu çalışmada bir periferik vazodilatatör olan pentoksifilin’in (PTX) ve düşük yoğunluklu pulsatif elektromanyetik alanın (DYPEMA) fraktür iyileşmesi üzerine etkisinin deneysel olarak araştırmak ve karşılaştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmamızda, 80 adet 300±20 gr. ağırlığında 6 aylık, erkek Wistar Albino rat kullanıldı. Hayvanlar her grupta 10’ar adet olmak üzere randomize şekilde paylaştırıldı. Genel anestezi altında tüm ratların sol femurlarında tek taraflı horizontal kemik kesisi yapıldı. Kırık kemik segmentleri repoze edilip, mikroplak ve mikrovidalar ile tespit edildi. 1.kontrol grubunda ratlara mikro plak uygulandıktan sonra iyileşme takip edilip 21. günde sakrifiye edildi. 2.kontrol grubunda ratlara mikro plak uygulandıktan iyileşme takip edilip 30. günde sakrifiye edildi. 3.grupta ratlara mikro plak uygulandıktan sonra elektromanyetik alan uygulanarak, iyileşme takip edilip 21.günde sakrifiye edildi. 4.grupta ratlara mikro plak uygulandıktan sonra elektromanyetik alan uygulanarak, iyileşme takip edilip 30.günde sakrifiye edildi. 5.grupta ratlara mikro plak uygulandıktan sonra pentoksifilin uygulanarak,iyileşme takip edilip 21.günde sakrifiye edildi. 6.grupta ratlara mikro plak uygulandıktan sonra pentoksifilin uygulanarak, iyileşme takip edilip 30.günde sakrifiye edildi. 7.grupta ratlara mikro plak uygulandıktan sonra pentoksifilin ve elektromanyetik alan uygulanarak, iyileşme takip edilip 21.günde sakrifiye edildi. 8.grupta ratlara mikro plak uygulandıktan sonra pentoksifilin ve elektromanyetik alan uygulanarak, iyileşme takip edilip 30.günde sakrifiye edildi. Sakrifiye edilen tüm ratlar, kırık iyileşmesi araştırılmak üzere histopatolojik olarak incelendi. Veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi. Sonuç olarak EMA ve pentoksifilinin 21 günlük ve 30 günlük dönemlerde kemik iyileşmesindeki olumlu etkileri histopatolojik ve istatiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu. Ancak EMA ve pentoksifilinin kombine uygulandığı gruplarda kemik iyileşmesinde histopatolojik ve istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir sonuç bulunamadı. Anahtar Sözcükler: Elektromanyetik Alan, Pentoksifilin, Kemik, Rat, Kırık İyileşmesiÖğe Evaluation of calcified carotid atheroma on panoramic radiographs and Doppler ultrasonography in an older population(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2015) Atalay, Yusuf; Asutay, Fatih; Agacayak, Kamil Serkan; Koparal, Mahmut; Adali, Fahri; Gulsun, BelginAim: The aim of this study is to determine the reliability of panoramic radiograph (PR) as a screening tool for the detection of calcified carotid atheroma (CCA) by comparing it with Doppler ultrasonography (DU) examination. A second aim was to evaluate the relationship among CCA, systemic diseases, smoking, and body mass index in an older population. Materials and methods: A total of 1,650 PRs of patients aged over 45 years (736 males and 914 females) were randomly selected. All the patients had been referred to the Faculty of Dentistry, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey, during 2013-2014 for routine PR screening. Medical data were collected from the archival records of the dental school. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A (study group), CCA findings were confirmed by DU (n=59); and Group B (control group), CCA findings were not confirmed by DU (n=34). Results: Of the 1,650 individuals, 93 (5.63%) were detected to have CCA on PR. The population consisted of 43 males and 50 females with mean age of 59.84 +/- 10.92 years. No difference was determined in respect of CCA between the sexes (P=0.745). There was a significant difference between Group A and Group B in respect of hypertension (P=0.004). But there was no difference between Group A and Group B in respect of age (P=0.495), BMI (P=0.756), diabetes (P=0.168), and smoking (P=0.482) distribution. Conclusion: Although PR cannot be used as an initial diagnostic method when searching for CCA, dentists should be aware of CCA on a routine PR, particularly in older patients who may also have the risk factors of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and smoking. Recognizing of CCA especially in hypertensive patients could potentially increase the length and quality of life for individuals.Öğe Examination of stress distribution and fracture resistance in five-unit tooth- nd implant-supported partial fixed zirconia prosthesis(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Guven, Sedat; Aguloglu, Suleyman; Beydemir, Koksal; Dundar, Serkan; Atalay, Yusuf; Ucan, Musa Can; Asutay, FatihIn this study, stress distribution and fracture strength values of zirconia frameworks were compared in five-unit tooth- and implant-supported fixed zirconia prosthesis. Three-dimensional finite element stress analysis and static non-linear analysis were used. Because of the boundary conditions determined for these methods, the tooth- and implant-supported models only included the regions of tooth numbers 43-47. The highest stress value (901.845 MPa) was measured in Model 1 (five-unit tooth-supported fixed zirconia bridge) at the mesial gingival neck area of restoration number 45. This stress value was within the ultimate strength of zirconia (900-1200 MPa). Stress values for connector regions were not in the ultimate strength value of zirconia. Stress values in the tooth-supported fixed zirconia bridge were more than the values in the implant-supported fixed zirconia bridge. The highest stresses in Model 2 (five-unit implant-supported fixed zirconia bridge) occurred in the restoration that the model was installed on. The obtained results showed that five-unit tooth-supported posterior zirconia fixed bridge prostheses are not recommended and that the second premolar region is most seriously affected in terms of stress.Öğe Finite element analysis of the stress distributions in peri-implant bone in modified and standard-threaded dental implants(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Dundar, Serkan; Topkaya, Tolga; Solmaz, Murat Yavuz; Yaman, Ferhan; Atalay, Yusuf; Saybak, Arif; Asutay, FatihThe aim of this study was to examine the stress distributions with three different loads in two different geometric and threaded types of dental implants by finite element analysis. For this purpose, two different implant models, Nobel Replace and Nobel Active (Nobel Biocare, Zurich, Switzerland), which are currently used in clinical cases, were constructed by using ANSYS Workbench 12.1. The stress distributions on components of the implant system under three different static loadings were analysed for the two models. The maximum stress values that occurred in all components were observed in F-III (300 N). The maximum stress values occurred in F-III (300 N) when the Nobel Replace implant is used, whereas the lowest ones, in the case of F-I (150 N) loading in the Nobel Active implant. In all models, the maximum tensions were observed to be in the neck region of the implants. Increasing the connection between the implant and the bone surface may allow more uniform distribution of the forces of the dental implant and may protect the bone around the implant. Thus, the implant could remain in the mouth for longer periods. Variable-thread tapered implants can increase the implant and bone contact.Öğe Long-term effects of antihypertensive medications on bone mineral density in men older than 55 years(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2014) Agacayak, Kamil Serkan; Guven, Sedat; Koparal, Mahmut; Gunes, Nedim; Atalay, Yusuf; Atilgan, SerhatIntroduction: In this study, we investigated the effects of long-term antihypertensive treatment with calcium channel blockers or beta blockers on the bone mineral density of maxilla, as determined by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and methods: This retrospective study was conducted on CBCT images of men older than 55 years who had received different dental indications. Data were grouped into three categories according to the antihypertensive medication history of the patients: group A included patients who had been taking beta-blocker treatment for more than 5 years, group B included patients who had been taking calcium channel blocker treatment for more than 5 years, and the control group included patients who had never used any hypertensive medications before. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between the beta blocker and calcium channel blocker groups. Conclusion: In hypertension treatment, beta blockers may be preferred to calcium channel blockers in patients at high risk for osteoporosis and bone resorption. Keywords: bone mineral density, CBCT, beta blockers, calcium channelÖğe Pentoxifylline and electromagnetic field improved bone fracture healing in rats(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2015) Atalay, Yusuf; Gunes, Nedim; Guner, Mehmet Dervis; Akpolat, Veysi; Celik, Mustafa Salih; Guner, RezzanBackground: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor pentoxifylline (PTX), electromagnetic fields (EMFs), and a mixture of both materials on bone fracture healing in a rat model. Materials and methods: Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group A, femur fracture model with no treatment; Group B, femur fracture model treated with PTX 50 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal injection; Group C, femur fracture model treated with EMF 1.5 +/- 0.2 Mt/50 Hz/6 hours/day; and Group D, femur fracture model treated with PTX 50 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal injection and EMF 1.5 +/- 0.2 Mt/50 Hz/6 hours/day. Results: Bone fracture healing was significantly better in Group B and Group C compared to Group A (P<0.05), but Group D did not show better bone fracture healing than Group A (P>0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that both a specific EMF and PTX had a positive effect on bone fracture healing but when used in combination, may not be beneficial.Öğe Surgical treatment of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the mandible: Report of two cases(Modestum Publishing Ltd., 2015) Acikan, İzzet; Aslan, Necat; Durmuş, Halil İbrahim; Atalay, Yusuf; Atılgan, Serhat; Yaman, FerhanBisphosphonates are used to reduce skeletal-related events in patients with bone-consuming diseases, such as osteoporosis and bone metastases. Bisphosphonaterelated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is becoming increasingly common with increasing use of bisphosphonates. We present two cases of BRONJ in a 64-year-old female and a 56-year-old female who were admitted to our department with complaints of purulent discharge and pain of the lower jaw. Both patients had been taking bisphosphonate and were diagnosed with jaw osteonecrosis, which can occur due to long-term use of bisphosphonate. The patients underwent medical treatment, including chlorhexidine rinses and antibiotics. Bone debridement was then performed under local anaesthesia. Both patients recovered well. There are many protocols, guidelines and suggestions on the management of BRONJ. For most patients, a conservative approach with minimal local intervention, if necessary, is appropriate, with extensive debridement of necrotic bone when this fails. In a small number of cases, radical resection of bone and reconstruction may be required. J Clin Exp Invest 2015; 6 (1): 61-64.Öğe Three-dimensional finite-element analysis of a single implant-supported zirconia framework and its effect on stress distribution in D4 (maxilla) and D2 (mandible) bone quality(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Guven, Sedat; Demirci, Fatih; Yavuz, Izzet; Atalay, Yusuf; Ucan, Musa Can; Asutay, Fatih; Altintas, EyyupThe aim of this in-silico study was to compare stress distributions in implants and zirconia frameworks of mandibular and maxillary implant-supported crowns. For comparison, vertical and oblique loading forces were used. Three-dimensional finite-element implant models of a mandibular section of bone (D2) and a maxillary section of bone (D4) with missing second molars and their zirconium-based superstructures were used. Zimmer dental implants of 13 mm in length and 4.7 mm in diameter were modelled. A load of 200 N was applied toward vertical and oblique (30 degrees to the vertical) directions. Maximum and minimum von Mises stress values of the implants and the zirconia framework were calculated. The highest stress value was concentrated in the zirconia framework of the maxillary implant-supported model with the oblique loading force (301.17 MPa). The lowest stress value was concentrated in the mandibular implant-supported model. And the stress values in the maxilla were higher than in the mandible. The maxilla (D4) showed higher stress values than in the mandible (D2), because the trabecular bone is weaker and less resistant to deformation than the cortical bone. Stress values with oblique loading forces were higher than with vertical loading forces. Because of the high Young's modulus of zirconia (low elastic properties), zirconia frameworks showed higher stress values than the implants.
