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    Chronic fatigue and depression experienced by senior students of dicle university
    (Acta Medica Mediterranea, 2014) Aslan I.; Tanriverdi M.H.; Erten Bucaktepe P.G.; Celepkolu T.; Yilmaz A.
    Aims: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating disease that presents with a chronic fluctuating course of multi-systemic symptoms. The purpose of this study was to examine chronic fatigue syndrome and depression, experienced by senior students attending Diyarbaki{dotless}r Dicle University, to investigate the factors involved in the development of CFS and depression and to shed light on preventive measures that can be taken to overcome CFS, with the help of the collected data. Methods: The study was conducted in Dicle University Campus between January and April 2012 and 525 students participated in the study. The questionnaire, used for this study, included 22 questions regarding the participants' demographic features, working conditions, habits and activities and a 17-item extracted from the HAM-D scale (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale), and the CFS evaluation criterias of the CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention). In order to analyze the data, Student's t-test, Chi-square (Fisher's exact) test, One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation test and logistic regression analysis were used. Results: Of all the students, 2% of them (n=11) were found to suffer from CFS. CFS was found to be more prevalent among females. Minor depressive symptoms were found to occur in 92 students (18%), and 20 students (4%) had major depressive symptoms. Gender, non-relaxing sleep, social life and person's perception of their health status were found to have a relationship with CFS. The CFS cases were found to have a higher HAM-D scale value. Conclusion: The school stress experienced by the students and their social life experiences are influential on depression and on the development of CFS. For this reason, the guidance departments and social support units of universities must be improved, in order to prevent CFS.
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    The evaluation of nephropathy risk factors in type 2 diabetes
    (Acta Medica Mediterranea, 2014) Celepkolu T.; Tanriverdi M.H.; Celik S.B.; Bucaktepe P.G.E.; Can H.; Aslan I.; Kibrisli E.
    Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes has been increasing at an alarming rate worldwide. Thus, the complications of diabetes are increasingly prevalent and each year three million people die as a result of its chronic complications. In our study, we aimed to compare nephropathic and non nephropathic patients according to socio-demographic features, biochemical parameters, and proteinuria characteristics. Methods: Data of 923 type 2 diabetic patients, who were admitted to our Department between January 2000 and December 2008, were analysed retrospectively. The records of 378 patients were included in the study and classified as normoalbuminuric, microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric. These groups were compared in terms of demographic, clinical and laboratory findings to investigate the risk factors related to nephropathy. Results: Of the 378 patients, 224 were female (59%) and 154 were male (41%). The mean age was 58.9±9.7 years. A total of 100 patients (26.5%) with micro and macroalbuminuria were identified as nephropathic. In the nephropathic group, the levels of FBG (Fasting Blood Glucose), PBG (Postprandial Blood Glucose), HbA1c (Hemoglobin A1c=glycosylated hemoglobin), urea, and creatinine, and the duration of known diabetes were significantly increased when compared with the non-nephropathic group. Diastolic blood pressure and urea levels were significantly higher and creatinine clearance was significantly lower in the macroalbuminuric group. Conclusion: We found a significant relationship between nephropathy and HbA1c, an important indicator of blood glucose control. Therefore, it is essential to provide aggressive blood pressure management and long-term glycaemic control in order to reduce cardiovascular risk, prevent the development of diabetic nephropathy and ESRF (End Stage Renal Failure), and reduce overall mortality and morbidity. Education of diabetic patients about the risks and complications of elevated blood pressure and poor glycaemic control is a critical component of clinical practice.
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    Histopathologic effect of gonadal steroids and gender on goiter development in thyroid stimulated rabbits by TRH
    (1995) Aydin I.; Nergiz Y.; Ketani A.; Aslan I.
    In order to assess the effect of gender and gonadal steroids on goiter development, thirty-two New Zealand albino rabbits were studied. The experimental protocol was based on histopathological changes observed in the thyroid gland following manipulation of gonadal hormone levels and stimulation by TRH. Gender differences for the structure end size of follicles following TRH administration remained significantly larger in females than in males (p < 0.001). In gonadectomied male and female groups, there appeared to be a quantitative difference in response to TRH. Follicular cell proliferation and papillary structures were prominent and the diameter of the follicles was significantly larger in males compared with females (P < 0.001). In gonadectomied rabbits treated with the opposite gonadal steroids, the appearance of papillary structures and basophilic character of the colloid on staining were also prominent in males. The results indicate that (i) estrogen promotes while androgen inhibits to some extent the stimulatory effects of TRH on thyroid follicular size; and (ii) although the data would support the effect of gender and sex steroids on goiter development, factors other than gonadal steroids are responsible for the higher incidence of goiter in females.