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    CHANGE OF ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES, SOME METALS AND LIPID PEROXIDATION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
    (Carbone Editore, 2016) Arslan, Ayse; Tuzun, Fatma Aykan; Tamer, Sibel; Demir, Halit; Aycan, Abdurrahman; Demir, Canan; Tasin, Muhterem
    Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive regression and memory loss. It has been claimed that oxidative stress and factors such as metal accumulation in the brain play important roles in the etiopathogenesis of the disease. Material and methods: The subjects of this study consisted of 24 individuals with Alzheimer's disease and 15 healthy agematched controls. Blood samples were withdrawn from the patients and healthy controls, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD (Superoxide Dismutase), GSH (Glutathion), GSHPx (Glutathion peroxidase), GST (Glutathion S-Transferase) and MDA (Malondialdehyde) levels were determined by Spectrometer. Some metals and heavy metals were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Results: Biochemical analyses showed a significant decrease of the main enzymatic antioxidant defences (SOD, GSH, GST and GSHPx) and increased production of lipid peroxidation marker (MDA) in the serum of AD patients, compared to age-matched control group (p< 0.001). Also the levels of Zn, Mg, and Mn was lower and Fe, Pb, and Cd was higher in the patient group, compared to the control group. Serum Cu and Co levels did not differ significantly between the patient and control groups (p> 0.001). Conclusion: These results supports the theory that in AD there is a defect in the antioxidant defense system, which may lead to oxidative damage. Also alterations in some trace metals and their related enzymes may play a role of etiopathogenesis in AD.
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    Öğe
    The relationship between serum paraoxonase levels and carotid atherosclerotic plaque formation in Alzheimer's patients
    (Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2016) Arslan, Ayse; Tuzun, Fatma Aykan; Arslan, Harun; Demir, Halit; Tamer, Sibel; Demir, Canan; Tasin, Muhterem
    Low paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and carotid atherosclerosis have been suggested to be important risk factors for dementia. However, the studies to date could not fully clarify the relationship between PON1, carotid atherosclerosis and dementia. The present study aimed to measure carotid atherosclerosis and PON1 activity in Alzheimer's Disease and to evaluate the relationship between them. The study included 25 Alzheimer's patients and 25 control subjects, for a total of 50 individuals. The study measured the serum PON1 activity and other biochemical parameters and carotid atherosclerotic plaque values of the participants. The mean paraoxonase activity (31.06 +/- 2.31 U/L) was significantly lower in the Alzheimer's group compared to the control group (59.05 +/- 7.05 U/L) (P < 0.001). Nonetheless, the carotid plaque values were significantly higher in the patient group (3.02 +/- 0.52 mm) compared to the control group (1.84 +/- 0.45 mm) (P < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a negative correlation (81.0%) between PON1 activity and carotid plaque in the overall study group (P < 0.05). Also serum homocystein level was higher in the patient group (22.15 +/- 7.05) compared to the control group (13.30 +/- 3.32). In conclusion, our findings show inverse association between PON1 activity and carotid atherosclerosis in Alzheimer patients: the lower the PON1 activity the more progressed the atherosclerotic process in AD. (C) 2016 Polish Neurological Society. Published by Elsevier Sp. z o.o. All rights reserved.