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    Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on palatal mucosal defects and tooth extraction sockets
    (Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2014) Gunay, Ahmet; Arpag, Osman Fatih; Atilgan, Serhat; Yaman, Ferhan; Atalay, Yusuf; Acikan, Izzet
    Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on palatal mucosal defects and tooth extraction sockets in an experimental model. Materials and methods: Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean age of 7 weeks and weighing 280-490 g were used in this study. The rats were randomly divided into two groups: group A (the control group, n=21) and group B (the experimental group, n=21). Under anesthesia with ketamine (8 mg/100 g, intraperitoneally), palatal mucosal defects were created and tooth extraction was performed in the rats in groups A and B. Group A received no treatment, whereas group B received CAPE. CAPE was injected daily (10 mu mol/kg, intraperitoneally). The rats were killed on days 7, 14, and 30 after the procedures. Palatal mucosa healing and changes in bone tissue and fibrous tissue were evaluated histopathologically. Result: Pairwise comparisons showed no statistically significant difference between days 7 and 14 in either group (P>0.05). At day 30, bone healing was significantly better in group B (CAPE) than in group A (control) (P<0.05). Fibrinogen levels at day 30 were significantly higher in group A (control) than in group B (CAPE) (P<0.05). Pairwise comparisons showed no statistically significant difference in palatal mucosa healing levels between days 7 and 14 in both groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that CAPE can significantly improve tooth socket healing.
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    Effects of vector ultrasonic system debridement and conventional instrumentation on the levels of TNF-? in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with chronic periodontitis
    (Wroclaw Medical Univ, 2017) Arpag, Osman Fatih; Dag, Ahmet; Izol, Bozan Serhat; Cimitay, Gulcan; Uysal, Ersin
    Background. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is an inflammatory mediator whose levels are increased in the gingival crevicular fluid and blood serum in the case of chronic periodontitis. Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vector ultrasonic system (VUS) on the levels of TNF-alpha in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and the clinical parameters in patients with chronic periodontitis. Material and methods. The study protocol was conducted using split-mouth design in 30 patients with chronic periodontitis. VUS and scaling and root planing (S/RP) were applied separately to 2 quadrants, including the upper and the lower jaws. At baseline and after 6 months, clinical parameters including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded, and concentrations of TNF-alpha in GCF were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Intergroup comparisons were evaluated by the independent Students' t-test, and the Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between parameters. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results. Both treatment modalities provided statistically significant improvements in clinical periodontal parameters and TNF-alpha levels after 6 months (p < 0.05). Also, there were no significant correlations between the TNF-alpha levels in GCF and the clinical parameters in both treatment group at baseline and at the end of 6 months period (p > 0.05). Conclusions. The use of the vector ultrasonic system in the non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis presents beneficial improvements for the clinical attachment level and the probing pocket depth as well as TNF-alpha levels in GCF.