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Öğe Fault ride-through capability improvement in hydrogen energy-based distributed generators using STATCOM and deep-Q learning(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Shahzad, Sulman; Alsenani, Theyab R.; Alrumayh, Ahmed Nasser; Almutairi, Abdulaziz; Kılıç, HeybetThis study explores the enhancement of Fault Ride-Through (FRT) capabilities in hydrogen energy-based distributed generators (HEDGs) by integrating Static Synchronous Compensators (STATCOM) with a novel Deep Q-Learning (DQL) control technique. Hydrogen energy systems face challenges like voltage instability during grid disturbances, which conventional Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers fail to address due to their linear operation constraints. Advanced controllers, such as Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS), offer better adaptability but lack real-time optimization capabilities. The proposed DQL framework leverages reinforcement learning, achieving superior results by dynamically optimizing reactive power compensation and minimizing system instability. Simulation results demonstrate that the DQL-based STATCOM achieves a 35% faster settling time and reduces overshoot by 50% compared to ANFIS and PI controllers. Additionally, the DQL system maintains voltage stability within ±5% during critical faults, improving energy efficiency by 8%. This innovative approach ensures cost-effective, sustainable integration of HEDGs into modern power grids, significantly advancing intelligent control strategies for renewable energy systems. © 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLCÖğe Techno-economic analysis of green hydrogen integration in smart grids: Pathways to sustainable energy systems(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Shahzad, Sulman; Alsenani, Theyab R.; Kılıç, Heybet; Wheeler, PatrickThis study conducts a comprehensive techno-economic analysis of green hydrogen integration in smart grids, highlighting its potential to transform energy systems. Green hydrogen, produced via water electrolysis using renewable sources like wind and solar, offers a carbon-neutral alternative to traditional hydrogen production. The paper evaluates electrolysis technologies' efficiency and cost dynamics, including PEM and alkaline systems, and integrates advanced smart grid technologies for real-time monitoring and energy management. Our findings reveal that while green hydrogen reduces carbon emissions and enhances grid flexibility, challenges remain in terms of infrastructure and cost reductions. Policy support through incentives, such as feed-in tariffs for green hydrogen production, and regulatory frameworks, like emission reduction targets, will be crucial to scale the adoption of green hydrogen and make it a viable component of future sustainable energy strategies. © 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC