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Ameliorating effects of CAPE on oxidative damage caused by pneumoperitoneum in rat lung tissue
(E-Century Publishing Corp, 2014) Davarci, Isil; Alp, Harun; Ozgur, Tumay; Karcioglu, Murat; Tuzcu, Kasim; Evliyaoglu, Osman; Motor, Sedat
We investigated the biochemical and histopathological effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) against oxidative stress causing lung injury induced by pneumoperitoneum. Twenty-eight rats were selected at random and seven rats were assigned to each of the following groups. The control group (S) was subjected to a sham operation without pneumoperitoneum. The other groups were subjected to CO2 pneumoperitoneum 15 mmHg for 60 min. The laparoscopy group (L) had no additional drugs administered, the laparoscopy + alcohol (LA) group had 1 ml of 70% ethyl alcohol administered 1 h before the desufflation period, and the laparoscopy + CAPE (LC) group had CAPE administered at 10 mu mol/kg 1 h before the desufflation period. The total oxidative status levels of lung and plasma were significantly increased in the LA group as compared with the LC and S group. When the LC group was compared with the L group, there was a decrease in the level of total oxidant status and increase in the levels of total antioxidant status and paraoxonase in lung tissue. The level of total antioxidative status in the S group was increased compared with the L group in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. TNF-alpha and IL-6 were found significantly elevated in the L group compared with the LC and S groups in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. There was a similar increase in plasma levels of IL-6. These results were supported by histopathological examination. CAPE was found to considerably reduce oxidative stress and inflammation induced by pneumoperitoneum.
The anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of nebivolol and zofenopril in a model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2012) Uzar, Ertugrul; Acar, Abdullah; Evliyaoglu, Osman; Firat, Ugur; Kamasak, Kagan; Gocmez, Cuneyt; Alp, Harun
The aim of this experiment was to investigate whether nebivolol and zofenopril have protective effects against oxidative damage and apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). There were seven groups of rats, with each containing eight rats. The groups were: the control group, I/R group, I/R plus zofenopril, I/R plus nebivolol, I/R plus nebivolol and zofenopril. zofenopril only and nebivolol only. Cerebral I/R was induced by clamping the bilateral common carotid artery and through hypotension. The rats were sacrificed 1 h after ischemia, and histopathological and biochemical analyses were carried out on their brains. The total antioxidant capacity was evaluated by using an automated and colorimetric measurement method developed by Erel. I/R produced a significant increase in the levels of total oxidant status and malondialdehyde levels, the number of caspase-3 immunopositive cells and activities of prolidase and paraoxonase in brain when compared with the control group (p<0.05). A significant decrease in brain total antioxidant capacity and nitric oxide levels were found in I/R group when compared with the control group (p<0.05). Both nebivolol and zofenopril treatment prevented decreasing of the total antioxidant capacity and nitric oxide levels, produced by I/R in the brain (p<0.05). Both nebivolol and zofenopril treatment prevented the total oxidant status, malondialdehyde levels, activities of paraoxonase and prolidase from increasing in brains of rats exposed to I/R (p<0.05). In conclusion, both nebivolol and zofenopril protected rats from ischemia-induced brain injury. The protection may be due to the indirect prevention of oxidative stress and apoptosis. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Comparison of the chronic effects of ribavirin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on pancreatic damage and hepatotoxicity
(E-Century Publishing Corp, 2014) Motor, Sedat; Alp, Harun; Senol, Serkan; Pinar, Neslihan; Motor, Vicdan Koksaldi; Kaplan, Ibrahim; Alp, Ayse
This study was aimed to comparison of the effects of the chronic use of the Ribavirin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on the pancreatic damage and hepatotoxicity in rats. Methods: The rats were given orally 30 mg/kg/day doses of Ribavirin for 30 days, and intraperitoneally 10 mu mol/kg doses of CAPE. The 37 rats were divided into 4 groups: (I) Control (n=7), (II) Ribavirin (R) (n=10), (III) CAPE (n=10), and (IV) R+CAPE (n=10). Results: Ribavirin and CAPE yielded similar results in terms of Serum, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), amylase, lipase, and insulin compared to the control group. However, while Ribavirin provided similar results with the control group in terms of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzymes, the CAPE group had elevated AST and ALT levels compared to the control group. Histopathologic evaluations revealed that CAPE or Ribavirin had no degenerative effects on both the pancreas and liver tissues. In this way, the biochemical results were confirmed by the histopathologic results. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Ribavirin does not lead to any pancreatic damage and hepatotoxicity, and has more beneficial effects than CAPE on especially liver tissue.
Deneysel serebral iskemi/reperfüzyon hasarında kafeik asit fenetil esterin koruyucu etkisi
(Turkish Neurological Society, 2020) Uzar, Ertuğrul; Acar, Abdullah; Fırat, Uğur; Evliyaoğlu, Osman; Alp, Harun; Tüfek, Adnan; Yavuz, Celal; Demirtaş, Sinan; Taşdemir, Nebahat
Öz:Serebral iskemi/reperfüzyon (İ/R) oksidatif stresle ilişkili olduğu için, serbest oksijen radikallerinin üretiminin düzenlenmesi serebral İ/R tedavisinde yeni yaklaşımlara neden olabilir. Kafeik asit fenetil ester (CAPE)’in nöroprotektif, antioksidan, antiinflamatuvar ve antiapopitotik olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; serebral İ/R hasarında CAPE’nin koruyucu etkisi olup olmadığı ve toplam oksidan ve antioksidan durum üzerinde olası etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. YÖNTEMLER: Kontrol grubu, İ/R grubu ve İ/R + CAPE grubu olarak toplam 30 sıçan rastgele olarak üç gruba ayrıldı. Deney işlemlerinden sonra elde edilen beyin dokularında total oksidan durum (TOS), total antioksidan durum (TAS) ve oksidatif stres indeksi (OSİ) seviyeleri ölçüldü ve histopatolojik olarak hücresel yapılar değerlendirildi. BULGULAR: Beyin dokusunda İ/R grubunda TOS ve OSİ seviyeleri kontrole göre belirgin olarak yüksek (p= 0.023, p= 0.001) ve TAS düzeyi kontrole göre düşük bulundu (p= 0.001). CAPE tedavisi İ/R nedeniyle oluşabilecek TOS ve OSİ yükselmelerini önledi (sırayla; p= 0.041, p= 0.001). İ/R + CAPE grubunda TAS seviyesi İ/R grubuna göre daha yüksek bulundu (p= 0.002). İ/R grubu beyin kesitlerinde inflamasyon, vasküler konjesyon ve nekrozu içeren serebral İ/R hasarı gösterildi. Bu histopatolojik serebral hasar bulguları İ/R + CAPE grubunda İ/R grubuna göre belirgin olarak daha hafifti (her bir parametre için p< 0.05). SONUÇ: Bu çalışmada serebral İ/R patogenezinde oksidatif stresin önemli bir rolü olduğu görülmüş olup, histopatolojik ve biyokimyasal incelemelerle sıçanlarda CAPE tedavisinin İ/R hasarını belirgin düzeyde azalttığı gözlendi.
The Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester and Ellagic Acid on the Levels of Malondialdehyde, Reduced Glutathione and Nitric Oxide in the Lung, Liver and Kidney Tissues in Acute Diazinon Toxicity in Rats
(Medwell Online, 2011) Alp, Harun; Aytekin, Ismail; Atakisi, Onur; Hatipoglu, Namik Kemal; Basarali, Kemal; Ogun, Metin; Buyukbas, Sadik
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) and Ellagic Acid (EA) on acitivities of Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced Glutathione (GSH) and Nitric Oxide (NO) in rat lung, liver and kidney tissues in acute Diazinon (DI) toxicity. Six groups of 6 Sprague Dawley rats were used comprising control, CAPE, EA, DI control, DI+CAPE and DI+EA. Tissue samples were analysed for GSH, MDA and NO levels in lung, liver and kidney tissues. Biochemical parameters were measured colormetrically by spectrophotometer. Control, CAPE and EA groups showed no statistically significant difference whereas DI+medication groups revealed that CAPE and EA increased the level of GSH in liver tissue by blocking the DI effect. NO levels in lung, liver and kidney tissues were significantly increased by DI but CAPE and EA attenuated those levels. In DI+medication groups, MDA levels showed no significant change in kidney and liver tissues but in lung tissues, CAPE and EA reduced the MDA level by blocking the DI effect. It was concluded that CAPE and EA which showed similar effects to each other could be used for protection and support against oxidative stress caused by acute DI intoxication.
Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester, Ellagic Acid, Sulforaphane and Curcumin on Diazinon Induced Damage to the Lungs, Liver and Kidneys in An Acute Toxicity Rat Model
(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2011) Alp, Harun; Aytekin, Ismail; Esen, Hasan; Basarali, Kemal; Kul, Seval
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), ellagic acid (EA), sulforaphane (SFN) and curcumin (CUR) against the toxic effects of diazinon (DI). Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 10 groups. Five groups were allocated as control groups comprising unmedicated control, CAPE, EA, SFN and CUR control groups. The remaining five groups were the study groups comprising DI, DI + CAPE, DI + EA, DI + SFN, and DI + CUR groups. The animals were sacrified 24 h after drug administrations. DI caused a decrease in acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity (P<0.05) and increases in gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and amylase activities. It also damaged the kidney, liver, and lung tissues. The negative effects of DI on these enzymes were confirmed histopathologically. Also, CAPE, EA, SFN and CUR reduced amylase and GGT activities and caused an increase in the AChE activities that were increased due to the toxic effects of DI. Thus, it was determined biochemically and histopathologically that these medication reduced the degenerative toxic effects created by DI in the lung, liver and kidney tissues. These findings led us to believe that CAPE, EA, SFN and CUR may be used as protective medicines in acute DI intoxication.
Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester, ellagic acid, sulforaphane and curcumin on diazinon induced damage to the lungs, liver and kidneys in an acute toxicity rat model
(Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2011) Alp, Harun; Aytekin, İsmail; Esen, Hasan; Başaralı, Kemal; Kul, Seval
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), ellagic acid (EA), sulforaphane (SFN) and curcumin (CUR) against the toxic effects of diazinon (DI). Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 10 groups. Five groups were allocated as control groups comprising unmedicated control, CAPE, EA, SFN and CUR control groups. The remaining five groups were the study groups comprising DI, DI + CAPE, DI + EA, DI + SFN, and DI + CUR groups. The animals were sacrified 24 h after drug administrations. DI caused a decrease in acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity (P<0.05) and increases in γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and amylase activities. It also damaged the kidney, liver, and lung tissues. The negative effects of DI on these enzymes were confirmed histopathologically. Also, CAPE, EA, SFN and CUR reduced amylase and GGT activities and caused an increase in the AChE activities that were increased due to the toxic effects of DI. Thus, it was determined biochemically and histopathologically that these medication reduced the degenerative toxic effects created by DI in the lung, liver and kidney tissues. These findings led us to believe that CAPE, EA, SFN and CUR may be used as protective medicines in acute DI intoxication.
Effects of exercise and caffeic acid phenethyl ester after chronic exercise rat model
(Journal Sports Science & Medicine, 2011) Alp, Ayse; Buyukbas, Sadik; Alp, Harun; Gergerlioglu, H. Serdar; Oz, Mehmet; Basarali, M. Kemal; Kiyici, Aysel
In order to understand whether exercise and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) has an effect on obesity and weight control, we investigated the effects of CAPE, and exercise on lipid parameters (triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDLC), and adipokine substances such as leptin and resistin in rats. 40 male rat were randomly assigned into 4 groups. It was determined that CAPE does not have any significant effect on these parameters but that lipid parameters and leptin values in exercise groups decreased considerably, while no significant change occurred in resistin levels. In order to understand whether diet has an effect on exercise, body weights of all animal groups in pre and post-exercise were compared. A significant weight gain was observed (p = 0.005) in all groups. This study concluded that exercise has a considerable effect on leptin and lipid parameters; however, exercise alone was not sufficient for weight control and could be effective in weight control only when accompanied by a restricted diet.
Effects of intralipid and caffeic acid phenethyl ester on neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, and acetylcholinesterase activity in acute chlorpyriphos intoxication
(E-Century Publishing Corp, 2014) Ozkan, Umit; Osun, Arif; Basarslan, Kagan; Senol, Serkan; Kaplan, Ibrahim; Alp, Harun
Chlorpyriphos is one of the most widely used organophosphate (OP) insecticide in agriculture with potential toxicity. Current post-exposure treatments consist of anti-cholinergic drugs and oxime compounds. We studied the effects of intralipid and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on chlorpyriphos toxicity to compose an alternative or supportive treatment for OP poisoning. Methods: Forty-nine rats were randomly divided into seven groups. Chlorpyriphos was administered for toxicity. Intralipid (IL) and CAPE administered immediately after chlorpyriphos. Serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE) level, total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant response (TAR), and histologic examination of cerebellum and brain tissue with Hematoxylin-Eosin and immunohistochemical dyes were examined. Results: Serum enzym levels showed that chlorpyriphos and CAPE inhibited AChE while IL alone had no effect, chlorpyriphos and CAPE intensifies the inhibition effect. Significant difference at AChE levels between the chlorpyriphos+IL and chlorpyriphos+CAPE verified that IL has a protective effect on AChE inhibition. TAR levels were significantly increased in all groups except chlorpyriphos group, TOS levels revealed that CAPE and IL decrease the amount of oxidative stress. Histologic examination revealed that neuronal degeneration was slightly decreased at chlorpyriphos+IL group, but CAPE had a significant effect on protection of neuronal degeneration. Conclusion: The results of this study gave us three key points. 1) AChE activity is important for diagnosis of OP intoxication but it has no value for determining the neuro-degeneration. 2) CAPE inhibits AChE activity and may increase the muscarinic-nicotinic hyperactivation. Therefore it should not be used for treatment of OP intoxication. 3) IL decreases the severity of neurodegeneration and symptoms of OP intoxication and it can be used as a supportive agent.
Effects of intralipid and caffeic acid phenyl esther (CAPE) against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by glyphosate isopropylamine (GI)
(Sage Publications Inc, 2016) Alp, Harun; Pinar, Neslihan; Dokuyucu, Recep; Kaplan, Ibrahim; Sahan, Mustafa; Senol, Serkan; Karakus, Ali
This study was aimed to investigate the protective effects of caffeic acid phenyl esther (CAPE) and Intralipid (IL) against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by acute intoxication of glyphosate (N-phosphonomethyl) glycine) (GI) in rats. Forty-nine Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into seven groups as: I, Control; II, Intralipid (IL) (18.6 mL/kg, orally); III, CAPE (10 mu mol/kg, intraperitoneally); IV, GI (4 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally); V, GI + IL; VI, GI+CAPE; and VII, GI + IL + CAPE. Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels were measured in serum samples. Tissues were analyzed with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining protocol. Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 were evaluated by immunohistochemical method. The results revealed that, in hepatic tissues, the TAS levels were lower and the TOS levels were higher in the GI group compared to other groups. In renal tissues, the TAS levels were significantly lower in the GI group than in the control, IL, CAPE, and GI + IL + CAPE groups. The TOS levels were significantly higher in the GI group than in the control group. Moreover, histopathological analysis revealed severe hepatotoxicity in the GI group. In the GI + CAPE + IL group, hepatotoxicity recovered significantly. Nephrotoxicity was also observed in the GI group and moderately reduced in the GI + CAPE group. Biochemical results were confirmed by histopathologic examination. The results also revealed that CAPE and IL, due to their antioxidant effects, have a decreasing effect against both hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by GI. Therefore, CAPE and IL may function as potential agents for supportive therapy since they decrease organ damage, or may facilitate the therapeutic effects of the routine treatment of patients with GI poisoning.
Effects of Malathion in Fetal Kidney Tissues in Pregnant Rats: Teratogenic Effects Induced by Different Doses
(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2012) Alp, Harun; Sak, Muhammet Erdal; Evsen, Mehmet Siddik; Firat, Ugur; Evliyaoglu, Osman; Penbegül, Necmettin; Sancaktutar, Ahmet Ali
The aim of this study was to investigate the teratogenic effects of Malathion (ML) induced by different doses on fetal kidney tissues in pregnant rats. A total of 28 Sprague-Dawley pregnant rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 7 rats each. Depending on ML dose, four groups were formed, including (I) control, (II) ML 2.5 (ML 2.5 mg/kg/day, orally), (III) ML 5 (5 mg/kg/day, orally), and (IV) ML 10 (10 mg/kg/day, orally). ML application started when the male and female were put together (when mating started). Daily ML application was continued until birth. It was determined that in parallel with dose of ML, ML resulted in toxic effects on serum enzymes (acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE), amylase and lipase) and kidney tissues of pregnant rats, and also -regardless of ML dose in fetal kidneys-it led to teratogenic effects in all the doses. Biochemical data wasconfirmed by histopathologic data. We concluded that ML leads to kidney damage in both pregnant and fetal rats as a result of its teratogenic and toxic effects.
Effects of Sildenafil Citrate, Isoniazid, and Streptomycin on Testicular Tissue and Epididymal Semen Quality in Rats
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2012) Alp, Harun; Cirit, Umut; Tas, Muzaffer; Rifaioglu, Murat Mehmet; Hatipoglu, Namik Kemal; Aytekin, Ismail; Yucel, Mehmet
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of isoniazid (INH) and streptomycin (STR) on epididymal semen quality and testicular tissue, and to evaluate the protective effect of sildenafil citrate (SC) on possible testicular toxicity induced by STR and INH in rats. METHODS Eighty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into 8 groups including control, SC, INH, STR, STR + INH, SC + INH, SC + STR, and SC + INH + STR. After 45 days of treatment, the reproductive organ weights, epididymal semen quality, testicular histopathological findings, levels of serum nitric oxide, testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were investigated. RESULTS SC significantly increased the epididymal sperm motility and concentration, and the levels of FSH, LH, and testosterone. The STR group had a significantly higher percentage of sperm head defect than the control group (P < .05). The INH group had lower Johnsen Testicular Biopsy Score than the control group (P < .001). Although SC and INH treatment alone did not affect the epididymal semen quality negatively, the SC + INH group had significantly higher spermatozoon tail and total morphologic defect ratios than the control group (P < .05). CONCLUSION It has been concluded from this study that (1) SC has positive effects on spermatogenesis, sperm production, and semen quality; (2) STR affected the testicular biopsy score and spermatozoon head morphology negatively, but positively affected the other spermatologic traits; (3) INH did not effect the epididymal semen quality negatively, but decreased testicular biopsy score; and (4) SC can prevent the spermatozoon head defects induced by STR and can decrease the testicular toxicity induced by INH. UROLOGY 80: 953.e9-953.e14, 2012. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc.
Effects of Sildenafil on Dental Tissue
(Medwell Online, 2011) Yaman, Ferhan; Soker, Sevda; Atilgan, Serhat; Erol, Behcet; Alp, Harun; Agacayak, Serkan Kamil; Gunay, Ahmet
To investigate the effects of Sildenafil on dental tissue. The study was performed with adult female Wistar-Albino rats. Control group (n = 7) were fed on standard laboratory diet until surgery. The study group (n = 7) were administered Sildenafil orally with orogastric tube 10 mg kg(-1) once a day for 30 days. Each rat was anesthetized and mandibular bone with incisor teeth and soft tissue were removed. Dental pulp, dentin, periodental ligament, periodental soft tissue and bone were examined histologically. Neovascularization on the dental pulp and gingiva were significantly higher in the study group. Sildenafil can be used as a supporting factor in dental tissue healing.
Effects of Silybum marianum Extract on High-Fat Diet Induced Metabolic Disorders in Rats
(Inst Animal Reproduction & Food Research Polish Acad Sciences Olsztyn, 2016) Sayin, Fatma Kubra; Buyukbas, Sadik; Basarali, M. Kemal; Alp, Harun; Toy, Hatice; Ugurcu, Veli
Silybum marianum extract (SME) has been used for centuries as a natural remedy for diseases of liver and biliary tract. Lately, it has been promoted as a nutritional supplement for beneficial effects on some risk factors of diabetes and hyperlipidemia. In this study we aimed to determine the effects of SME on high-fat diet (HFD) induced metabolic disorders. Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed HFD for 11 weeks to induce obesity. SME was given to animals for two different durations, for 11 weeks or for 7 weeks. The results showed significant increase in plasma transaminases, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), leptin, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), glucose and insulin along with significant increase in body mass index (BMI) and liver weights in rats fed the HFD diet compared to rats fed with standard rat diet. SME supplementation for different durations raised improvement in the HFD-induced metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia and hepatopathy at different degrees. Our study concludes that SME can be well considered as an effective supplement to improve insulin and leptin sensitivity and hyperlipidemia and to suppress body weight gain.
Ellagic acid ameliorates lung injury after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2011) Boyuk, Abdullah; Onder, Akin; Kapan, Murat; Gumus, Metehan; Firat, Ugur; Basarali, Mustafa Kemal; Alp, Harun
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of antioxidant treatment with ellagic acid (EA) on lung injury after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury using biochemical and histopatological approaches. Materials and Methods: Forty rats were divided into four groups as control, control + EA, I/R, and I/R + EA. The control and control + EA groups were also anesthetized and subjected to laparotomy, but without clamp application. The control + EA and I/R + EA groups were given EA (85 mg/kg) orally prior to experiment. The I/R and I/R + EA groups underwent 30 minutes of intestinal ischemia and 1 hour of reperfusion. In all groups, serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined. TAC, total oxidative status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in lung tissue were measured. Lung tissue histopathology was also evaluated by light microscopy. Results: TAC levels were higher in control, EA, and I/R + EA groups while TOS, OSI, and MDA levels were lower in these groups compared with I/R group. Serum MDA levels were significantly higher in I/R + EA group than that of control group. Lung tissue TAC levels were lower in I/R + EA group while OSI values were higher in that groups compared with EA group. Histological tissue damage was milder in the EA treatment group than in the I/R group. Conclusion: These results suggest that EA treatment protected the rats lung tissue against intestinal I/R injury.
Ellagic acid attenuates oxidative stress on brain and sciatic nerve and improves histopathology of brain in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
(Springer-Verlag Italia Srl, 2012) Uzar, Ertugrul; Alp, Harun; Cevik, Mehmet Ugur; Firat, Ugur; Evliyaoglu, Osman; Tufek, Adnan; Altun, Yasar
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of ellagic acid in brain and sciatic nerve tissues of diabetic rats. Also, the impact of ellagic acid on catalase and paraoxonase (PON-1) activities, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) were examined. The rats were randomly divided into four groups, with eight rats each: Normal controls (not diabetic), only ellagic acid treated (ellagic acid controls, not diabetic), Diabetic controls (streptozotocin, diabetic), ellagic acid-treated diabetic (streptozotocin + ellagic acid). After a 4 week experiment, rats were sacrificed, and biomarkers for oxidative stress in the brain and sciatic nerve tissues of the rats were measured. There was significant depletion in the PON-1, catalase, and TAS levels in the brain and sciatic nerve tissues compared to the control groups (for both parameters, p < 0.05). The values of catalase, PON-1 and TAS reversed back to normal levels in ellagic acid-treated diabetic rats compared to untreated diabetic rats (for both parameters, p < 0.05). The levels of MDA, TOS, NO and, OSI in the brain and sciatic nerve tissues were higher in untreated diabetic rats compared to control group (for both parameters p < 0.05). However, MDA, TOS, OSI, and NO levels were found to be significantly reduced in the ellagic acid-treated diabetic group compared to the untreated diabetic group in these tissues (for both parameters, p < 0.05). In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that ellagic acid exhibits neuroprotective effects against oxidative damage in diabetic rats.
Oral intralipid emulsion use: a novel therapeutic approach to pancreatic ?-cell injury caused by malathion toxicity in rats
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Tuzcu, Kasim; Alp, Harun; Ozgur, Tumay; Karcioglu, Murat; Davarci, Isil; Evliyaoglu, Osman; Karakus, Ali
We aimed to investigate whether oral intralipid emulsion (OIE) reduces pancreatic beta-cell injury (P beta CI) by chelating with malathion (M), or increases P beta CI by increasing M absorption in the stomach. Fifty rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group (C); OIE administered group (L); M-treated group (M); OIE-administered group immediately after given M (M0L); OIE-administered group 6 hours after being given M (M6L) and OIE administered group 12 hours after being given M (M12L). M induced P beta CI, hyperglycemia, temporary hyperinsulinemia and oxidative stress (OS). However, there was no significant difference in serum levels of glucose, insulin, total oxidants (TOS) and liver TOS between the M0L group and groups C and L. Also, insulin levels of M12L significantly increased, compared to the M6L group. Biochemical results, which were confirmed by histopathology, indicate that administering OIE after 6 hours and immediately after taking M may markedly prevent P beta CI, hyperglycemia and OS. In addition, OIE's effectiveness decreased after 6 hours and was totally ineffective after 12 hours. We concluded that OIE may help to achieve a better prognosis and reduce mortality rate in cases presented to the emergency department, particularly within the first 6 hours, resulting from organophosphate pesticide poisoning by oral ingestion.
Oxidative Damage is Ameliorated by Curcumin Treatment in Brain and Sciatic Nerve of Diabetic Rats
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2012) Acar, Abdullah; Akil, Esref; Alp, Harun; Evliyaoglu, Osman; Kibrisli, Erkan; Inal, Ali; Unan, Fatma
To date, there have not been enough studies about the effects of curcumin against oxidative stress on sciatic nerves caused by streptozotocin (STZ) in diabetic rats. Therefore, this study was undertaken to determine whether curcumin, by virtue of its antioxidant properties, could affect the oxidant/antioxidant balance in the sciatic nerve and brain tissues of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. A total of 28 rats were randomly divided into four groups of seven rats each: normal controls, only curcumin treated, diabetic controls, and diabetics treated with curcumin. Biomarkers-malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and NO levels-for oxidative stress in the brain and sciatic nerve tissues of the rats were measured. We found a significant increase in MDA, NO, TOS, and OSI, along with a reduction in TAS levels in the brains and sciatic nerves of the STZ-induced diabetic rats (for both parameters p < 0.05). The MDA, TOS, OSI, and NO levels in these tissues were significantly reduced in the curcumin-treated diabetic group compared to the untreated diabetic group. In conclusion, the results of this study suggested that curcumin exhibits neuroprotective effects against oxidative damage in the brain and sciatic tissues of diabetic rats.
Protective Effect of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester in Rat Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Damage
(Turkish Neurological Soc, 2011) Uzar, Ertugrul; Acar, Abdullah; Firat, Ugur; Evliyaoglu, Osman; Alp, Harun; Tufek, Adnan; Yavuz, Celal
Objective: Because oxidative stress is related to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, modulation of oxygen free radical production may represent a new approach to the management of cerebral I/R. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) has been determined to have neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CAPE has a protective effect on cerebral I/R damage, and to determine the possible effects of CAPE on total antioxidant/oxidant status. Methods: A total of 30 rats were randomly divided into three groups as control group, I/R group, and I/R + CAPE. Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels and histopathological cellular structures were evaluated in cerebral tissues obtained after the experiment procedure in all groups. Results: In the brain tissue, TOS and OSI levels were found to be significantly increased in the I/R group compared to the controls (p=0.023, p=0.001, respectively). Significantly decreased TAS levels were found in the I/R group compared to the controls (p=0.001). CAPE treatment prevented the increase in TOS and OSI that is produced by cerebral I/R (p=0.041, p=0.001, respectively). TAS was found to be increased in the CAPE + I/R group compared with the I/R group (p=0.002). In the I/R group, the brain sections showed findings of cerebral I/R damage including inflammation, vascular congestion and necrosis (for both variables, p=0.001). These histopathological cerebral damage findings were found to be significantly reduced in the CAPE + I/R group compared to the I/R group (for both parameters, p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, it was found that oxidative stress had an important role in the pathogenesis of cerebral I/R damage, and histopathological and biochemical evaluations showed significantly decreased I/R damage following CAPE treatment in rats.
The protective effect of ellagic acid against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in male rats
(Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2012) Bozkurt, Yaşar; Fırat, Uğur; Atar, Murat; Sancaktutar, Ahmet Ali; Pembegül, Necmettin; Söylemez, Haluk; Yüksel, Hatice; Alp, Harun; Bodakçı, Mehmet Nuri; Hatipoğlu, Namık Kemal; Büyükbaş, Sadık
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effect of ellagic acid (EA) on rats following renal ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Sham group underwent laparotomy then waited for 45 min without ischemia. I/R group were subjected to left renal ischemia for 45 minutes followed by 60 min of reperfusion. I/R+EA group were subjected to the same renal ischemia/reperfusion as the I/R group, were also given 85 mg/kg EA perorally 30 min prior to the ischemia. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were determined on the blood samples and kidney tissues. Histopathological analyses were conducted on the kidney tissues. I/R damage significantly increased serum MDA levels in the I/R group when compared with Sham group. Serum TAC level was significantly lower in I/R group than I/R+EA group. A significantly increase on OSI levels and decrease on TAC levels was found in the kidneys in I/R group. In I/R + EA group, EA reversed the negative effects of I/R injury. EA pretreatment was effective in decreasing tubular necrosis score. In conclusion; EA pretreatment ameliorated the oxidative damage and histopathological changes occurring following renal I/R injury.

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