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    CONSERVATION AND CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE METHODS ON SELECTED SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND CORN (ZEA MAYS L.) YIELD AND QUALITY UNDER CROPPIN SYSTEM IN TURKEY
    (Scientific Issues Natl Centre Agrarian Sciences, 2010) Sessiz, A.; Alp, A.; Gursoy, S.
    SESSIZ, A., A. ALP and S. GURSOY, 2010. Conservation and conventional tillage methods on selected soil physical properties and corn (Zea mays L.) yield and quality under croppin system in Turkey. Bulg. I Agric. Sci., 16: 597-608 This study was conducted to determine the effects of conventional and conservation tillage on the some soil physical properties, penetration resistance (PR), seedling emergence rate, yield and yield components under southestern of Turkey conditions. The experiments were carried out at 2003 and 2004 years in a clay loam soil. Six different soil tillage methods in corn production were tested. The experiment was performed in randomized block design with six treatments and each treatment consists of three replications. No significant (p>0.05) treatment differences in seedling emergence were found between the tillage treatments for both years. Plant height was found significant between years while treatment effects were not significant. However, the highest plant height was obtained in 2004 under CT tillage method. The stalk thickness was found significant between years while treatment effects were not significant. The cob length was not found significant between years and treatments. The lowest cob length was obtained under NT method. It was found that yield was significantly (p<0.01) different between years. The yield in the second year was found to be higher than that of the first year. The highest yield was found in CT method as 678.00 kg/da and the lowest yield was found in RT4 method as 535.66 kg/ha in year 2003. The highest yield was found in CT method as 778.66 kg/da and the lowest yield was found in RT4 method as 642.33 kg/ha in year 2004. The highest fuel comsumption was obsorved as 33.48 Lha(-1) in conventional method (CT) whereas the lowest value was found in direct seeding method as 6.6 Lha(-1).
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    Effects of sulforophane and curcumin on oxidative stress created by acute malathion toxicity in rats
    (Verduci Publisher, 2012) Alp, H.; Aytekin, I.; Hatipoglu, N. K.; Alp, A.; Ogun, M.
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES, Organophosphate insecticides (OPIs) are widely used in agriculture and horticulture for controlling insects in crops, ornamentals, lawns, fruits, and vegetables. But, there have not yet any study about effects of sulforophane (SFN) and curcumin (CUR) on the oxidative stress created by acute toxic effects of malathion (MAL) as an OPI often causing human and animal poisoning. AIM, The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SFN and CUR on the oxidative stress created in the lung, liver, and kidney tissues of rats by acute MAL toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS, Thirty-six mature Sprague Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g were used. The rats were randomly divided into six groups: unmedicated control, SFN, CUR, MAL control, MAL + SFN, and MAL + CUR. Tissue samples were analyzed for glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the lung, liver, and kidney tissues. Biochemical parameters were measured colorimetrically by using a spectrophotometer. RESULTS, No statistically significantly difference was found when comparing the unmedicated control, SFN, and CUR groups. MAL significantly increased MDA levels in the liver and kidney tissues, but SFN and CUR these levels. MAL did significantly reduce the GSH levels, but SFN and CUR increased these levels by blocking the MAL effect in the liver tissues. Also, MAL significantly increased the NO levels, depending on the severity of the tissue damage, and SFN and CUR attenuated to NO levels and remained under the effect of MAL. CONCLUSIONS, SFN and CUR, which showed similar effects, could be used to protect against the oxidative stress caused by acute malathion intoxication.
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    Protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester, ellagic acid, sulforaphan and curcuma on malathion induced damage in lungs, liver and kidneys in an acute toxicity rat model
    (Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2011) Alp, H.; Aytekin, I.; Esen, H.; Alp, A.; Buyukbas, S.; Basarali, K.; Hatipoglu, N. K.
    The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), ellagic acid (EA), sulforaphan (SFN) and curcuma (CUR) against acute malathion (MAL) poisoning in rats. For that, 60 female adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 10 equal groups according to the treatment: whereas one group served as unmedicated control and another was intoxicated with malathion (200 mg/kg, per ox) and served as positive control, rats from the other groups were treated with each of the four antioxidants (CAPE: 10 mu mol/kg, intraperitoneally, EA: 85 mg/kg, per ox, SFN: 0.5 mg/kg, per os and CUR: 1 g/kg, per os) alone or in combination with malathion. One day later, serum AChE (acetylcholinesterase), amylase and GGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase) activities were determined and a histopathological evaluation was performed on lungs, kidneys and liver. In MAL-intoxicated rats, the AChE activity was markedly depleted whereas the GOT and amylase activities were significantly increased compared to the unmedicated controls. In parallel, severe and extended inflammatory and degenerative cell lesions were evidenced in liver, kidneys and lungs. By contrast, changes in the serum enzyme activities were greatly attenuated and the organ damage was also markedly reduced but not completely abrogated when an antioxidant cotreatment has been instituted. In addition, CUR appeared as the more efficient for hindering biochemical and histopathological alterations induced by malathion. These results show the protective effects of CAPE, EA, SFN and CUR on acute malathion poisoning in rats.
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    RESEARCH ON CULTIVATION POTENTIALITIES OF 'LOCAL KARACADAG' AND 'OSMANCIK-97' RICE VARIETIES IN ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL CONDITIONS
    (Corvinus Univ Budapest, 2018) Alp, A.; Kahraman, S.; Atakul, S.; Kilinc, S.
    This research was conducted to determine the potentialities of organic rice cultivation in Karacadag region and to set an example for farmers in transition to organic farming. The Local Karacadag paddy the variety grown in the Karacadag region and the Osmancik-97 breeding variety, the most cultivated variety in Turkey, were used as material. The research was carried out in three replications according to the split parcel trial design in random blocks in the 2011-2012-14 rice growing periods on the farmer field in Karahan village of Karacadag region, in Turkey. As a result of the agricultural researches made, organic values showed superior rates compared to conventional applications in terms of the number of days of flowering (92.3 days) and non-fractured rice yield (65.6%). It was observed that regarding the kernel yield in unit area the Karacadag variety was highest at 4 816 kg ha(-1) in the conventional application while the organic application of the Karacadag variety was in second place with 4 179 kg ha(-1). It is concluded that the organic rice farming is thought to be economical when the organic rice in the market is sold with about 30% more the price compared to the conventional rice.