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    Analysis of human omentum-associated lymphoid tissue components with S-100: an immunohistochemical study
    (Editura Acad Romane, 2010) Yildirim, A.; Aktas, A.; Nergiz, Y.; Akkus, M.
    Milky spots are opaque patches in the greater omentum. They were first described by von Recklinghausen (1863) in the omentum of rabbits. In man, milky spots are relatively uniform, highly vascularized accumulations of mononuclear cells. The objective of this study was to describe in human omental lymphoid tissue components with S-100. Tissue samples (greater omentum) were collected from 14 patients operated with different reasons in our Department of General Surgery, in order to histologically present the presence of S-100 in the cells making up the milky spots in human omentum tissue. Tissue samples were cut approximately 5-8 micrometer thick with frozen-sections and stained with an indirect immunoperoxidase technique, as described previously. Then milky spots were examined by light microscopy. These data indicate that unstimulated milky spots in the human greater omentum are to a great extent just a preformed specific accumulation of primarily macrophages within the stroma of the greater omentum, secondarily B-and T-lymphocytes. In addition to these cells, we observed that a few mast and reticular cells were seen in the milky spots by S-100 reactive cross-sections of greater omentum. In the human omentum tissue that was stained with indirect immunoperoxidase method using anti S-100 monoclonal antibody, an arteriole cross-section in the center, reactive nerve cross-sections in the adjacent stroma and endogenic peroxidase reactivity in a few granulocytes in omental tissue were observed.
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    The Effect of Dietary Supplements on Healing of Alloplastic Bone Grafted Defects in Rat Tibia
    (Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2015) Kaya, A.; Aktas, A.; Akdemir, M. F.; Kaya, B.; Deveci, E.
    The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the potential effects of the systemically delivered combination of calcium, zinc and vit-d supplementation of the locally applied alloplastic bone graft. 28 male Wistar albino rats were used in this study. In each animal, bone defects (10 mm length (sic) 3 mm width (sic) 2 mm depth) were created in the tibias. The animals were divided into four groups. In Group 1 (Control Group) rats were fed with standard rat diet. In Group 2 (Calcium Group) rats received calcium carbonate (15 mg/kg body weight) suspended in saline. In Group 3 (Calcium/Zinc Group) rats received calcium carbonate (15 mg/kg body weight) and zinc sulfate (4 mg/kg body weight) suspended in saline. In Group 4 (Calcium/Vitamin D Group) rats received calcium carbonate (15 mg/kg body weight) and Vitamin D (500 IU/kg body weight) suspended in olive oil. Histopathological analysis of samples was performed to evaluate the process of osteoblastic activity, matrix formation, trabecular bone formation and myeloid tissue in bone defects. Total amounts of osteoblastic activity, matrix formation, trabecular bone formation and myeloid tissue in Ca Group (p= 0.002), Ca/Zinc Group (p= 0.002), and Ca/Vit.D Group (p= 0.001) were significantly higher than in Control Group. The total amounts of Ca/Vit.D Group were significantly different than Control Group and Ca Group. The results of the present study indicated that the oral calcium carbonate supplementation combination with zinc may have systemic effects on accelerating bone regeneration in alloplastic bone grafted tibial defects. Further human studies involving long-term follow up and different type of bone grafts should be conducted.
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    Effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on rat facial skin
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2016) Sula, B.; Ekinci, C.; Ucak, H.; Ucmak, D.; Akkurt, Z. M.; Aktas, A.; Arica, M.
    Introduction: We used immunohistochemistry to investigate the histopathologic effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the facial skin of rats. Material and methods: Rats in the HBO group (n = 6) were placed in a 20 L HBO chamber at 2.5 atmospheres absolute at 25-26 degrees C with 100% oxygen for 90 min/day for 7 days. Following euthanasia, sections of facial skin were removed for examination. Results: Epidermal hyperplasia and degeneration, basal-cell hypertrophy, subepithelial fibrosis, and increased connective tissue were observed in the HBO group. E-cadherin expression was reduced in the epidermis, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands in HBO-treated rats relative to control animals. HBO treatment was associated with vimentin immunoreactivity in fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and the bulbus pilorum of a subset of hair follicles. It also resulted in increased type IV collagen expression within the connective tissue in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Conclusion: The HBO group demonstrated epidermal hyperplasia and degeneration, basal-cell hypertrophy, and subepithelial fibrosis. In addition, HBO decreased E-cadherin expression, which suggests that HBO may impair intracellular adhesion. Expression of vimentin and type IV collagen was also observed in the dermis. Increased connective tissue, hemorrhage, and mononuclear cell infiltration were observed in the dermis of HBO-treated animals. Thus, HBO has effects on the structures of the epidermis and dermis.
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    Expression of VEGF and CD68 in the Placenta of Gestational Diabetic Mothers (Immunohistochemistry and Ultrastructural Study)
    (Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2015) Yavuz, D.; Balsak, D.; Ekinci, C.; Tahaoglu, A. E.; Togrul, C.; Goruk, N.; Aktas, A.
    Placental angiogenesis, is essential for embryonic and fetal development. In this study, 18 gestational diabetes mellitus and 22 control pregnancies were included. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) groups compared to the control group significantly higher values were detected (p<0.01). The following histological results were assessed; villous immaturity, chorangiosis, presence of, sncytial knots, mononuclear cell infiltration ischemia and fibrinoid necrosis. To evaluate and compare the placental histology of normal and GDM pregnancies. placentas of pregnant women with gestational diabetes also in terms of angiogenesis and macrophages and ultratructural revealed by examining the possible relationship between fetal complications were investigated.
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    Hydroxycloroquine-induced oxidative stress on sciatic nerve and muscle tissue of rats: A stereological and biochemical study
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2012) Uzar, E.; Ozay, R.; Evliyaoglu, O.; Aktas, A.; Ulkay, M. B.; Uyar, M. E.; Ersoy, A.
    The aim of this study was to investigate the role of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)-induced oxidative stress on sciatic nerve and muscle tissues of rats. The oxidant/antioxidant parameters in the sciatic nerve and muscle tissues were analyzed, and stereological analysis of the sciatic nerve was performed. Levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in the tissues were significantly higher in the HCQ group than in the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were found to be significantly higher in the HCQ group than the control group (p < 0.05). There were significant decreases in nerve fiber diameter and myelin sheet thickness in the HCQ group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). These results revealed that HCQ might increase oxidative stress on sciatic nerve and muscle tissues of rats, which may correlate with axonal atrophy in sciatic nerves.
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    THE IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL EVALUATION OF PERICYTES IN HUMAN FULL TERM PLACENTAS OF GESTASYONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
    (Carbone Editore, 2013) Deveci, E.; Soker, S.; Turgut, A.; Aktas, A.; Ayaz, E.; Sak, S.; Seker, U.
    Pericytes, vessel wall plays a stabilizing role in the regulation of blood flow in the microcirculation. The purpose of this study is based on non-diabetic pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes pregnancies to investigate the morphological structure of pericyte cells. In this study, as a control group human placental tissues from normotensive pregnancies was collected from diabetic wome at 28-35 weeks of gestation. Pericytes with smooth alpha-actin positive cells, endothelial cells, and painted like a belt was surrounded. Pericytes, capillary plexus and endothelial cells of large vessels in the mesenchyme around the middle shows desmin positive reaction. Placental micro vessels examined by transmission electron microscopy showed many pericytes. Placentas of gestational diabetes group, heterochromatin nucleus hypertrophy, dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria cristae in length, shortening was observed thickening of the filamentary structure. The contractile function of the barrier formed by endothelial cells, pericytes and can increase the contractions were considered
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    Investigation of the protective effects of melatonin, amifostine (WR-2721), and N-acetylcysteine on radiotherapy-induced uterine tissue injury in rats
    (Ijrr-Iranian Journal Radiation Res, 2020) Seker, U.; Aktas, A.; Nergiz, Y.; Zincircioglu, S. B.; Ketani, M. A.
    Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective potency of melatonin, amifostine (WR-2721), and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) when administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) 15 min before 10-Gy single-fraction radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: In this study, 35 female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups of seven rats each. The rats in the control group did not receive any treatments. Rats in the radiotherapy, melatonin, amifostine, and NAC groups underwent abdomino-pelvic irradiation with 10-Gy single fraction gamma (gamma) irradiation. Melatonin 50 mg/kg, amifostine 200 mg/kg, and NAC 500 mg/kg were i.p. administered to the rats 15 min before irradiation. Animals were sacrificed 48 h after irradiation. Uterus samples were collected and, routine histopathological tissue processing was performed. Sections from tissue samples were stained with H&E and analyzed with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling method (TUNEL assay). Results: Severe morphological degenerations and increases in the apoptotic index (AI) were observed in the radiotherapy group. Tissue protection and AI reduction were observed in the amifostine and NAC groups. Melatonin was more effective than amifostine and NAC. Morphological damage was almost completely repaired, and the AI of the melatonin group was quite similar to that of the control group. Conclusion: This experiment failed to determine a more successful administration technique of amifostine. The protective effects of amifostine and NAC were similar. Melatonin was more successful than these two drugs, and might be an alternative to amifostine when time, dose, or adverse effect constraints are encountered.
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    Ultrastructural Effects of the Propineb on Brain of Fetuses During Rat Pregnancy
    (Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2014) Ekinci, C.; Tahaoglu, A. E.; Yavuz, D.; Deveci, E.; Aktas, A.; Yilmaz, T.; Yumusak, O.
    Propineb is a fungicide with a propylene-bis-dithiocarbamate structure. Pregnant Wistar rats were exposed to 400 ppm propineb concentrations in 5 ml distilled water, 5 days per week until the end of pregnancy. The rats were treated with propineb for 16 days and the brains of litter rats were sacrificed at first day of birth after which their brains were collected. Ultrastructural examination of the brains of the fetuses and propineb-treated pregnant females revealed a variety of histopathological effects. We suggest that mitochondrial damage may be an effective factor for neuron necrosis. These results supported the proposal that the exposure to fungicides such as propineb and to other naturally occurring compounds which inhibit mitochondrial function, may contribute to Parkinson's disease development.