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Öğe Can exposure to manganese and extremely low frequency magnetic fields affect some important elements in the rat teeth?(Verduci Publisher, 2012) Ince, B.; Akdag, Z.; Bahsi, E.; Erdogan, S.; Celik, S.; Akkus, Z.; Dalli, M.Background: Length and level of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) is increasing in association with the widespread use of electrical and electronic devices and technological progress. The undesirable effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) on health have attracted considerable interest. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four four-month-old male Wistar rats divided into eight groups of eight rats each were used. Seven groups were exposed to varying dosages of manganese (Mn) and a 50 Hz magnetic field (MF) of approximately 1 mT, while the last group was set aside as the cage control group and not subjected to any procedure. This study was intended to investigate the interactions between the application of MF and Mn and the elements Ca, Zn, Mg, and P thought to be involved in caries, in rat teeth. Results: Levels of Ca, Mg, Zn, and P in the experimental group rats were different to those in the control group. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that ELF-MF and Mn can have significant effects on levels of elements in rat teeth. Further experimental and epidemiological studies of ELF-MF and Mn are needed in order to evaluate their dental effects.Öğe Determination of trigeminocardiac reflex during rhinoplasty(Churchill Livingstone, 2012) Yorgancilar, E.; Gun, R.; Yildirim, M.; Bakir, S.; Akkus, Z.; Topcu, I.In most rhinoplasty procedures, osteotomies are usually required. The osteotomy areas are innervated by sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve. The trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) is clinically defined as the sudden onset of parasympathetic activity during stimulation of the trigeminal nerve. When an osteotomy is performed or external pressure is applied over the nasal bone, the infraorbital nerve may send signals via this nerve. The aim of this prospective study is to determine the blood pressure changes and occurrence of TCR during rhinoplasty. one hundred and eight patients were enrolled into the study. Lidocaine and adrenaline combination (LAC) was injected only into the left lateral osteotomy sites. All patients underwent median, right-side, then left-side lateral osteotomies and nasal pyramid infracture. The haemodynamic changes were recorded. A 10% or more decrease in the heart rate from baseline was considered a TCR. TCR was detected in nine patients following lateral osteotomies and nasal pyramid infracture procedures (8.3%). The authors determined that LAC injection prior to osteotomy did not prevent TCR. Manipulation at or near the infraorbital nerve during rhinoplasty may cause TCR, even if local anaesthetic infiltration is used.Öğe Effects of lidocaine and adrenaline combination on postoperative edema and ecchymosis in rhinoplasty(Churchill Livingstone, 2011) Gun, R.; Yorgancilar, E.; Yildirim, M.; Bakir, S.; Topcu, I.; Akkus, Z.Nasal osteotomies are the most important cause of periorbital edema and ecchymosis. Injection of lidocaine and adrenaline is recommended to reduce bleeding. Whilst the lidocaine and adrenaline combination (LAC) is claimed to reduce postoperative ecchymosis and edema, this effect remains to be proven conclusively. This study, on 48 patients, was designed to investigate the effects of LAC injection on postoperative edema/ecchymosis in rhinoplasty. LAC was applied at a random side prior to the lateral osteotomy. The opposite side was used as a control. The relationship between edema/ecchymosis and the degree of LAC on the injected and uninjected sides was evaluated on the first, third and seventh day, postoperatively. The relationships between edema and ecchymosis with operation time and intraoperative systolic blood pressure were also evaluated. Bleeding was reduced on the side treated with LAC (p = 0.050). The degrees of edema/ecchymosis increased with increases in the duration of operation and the systolic blood pressure on the first postoperative day for the LAC-applied side (p < 0.05). This correlation was not observed on the opposite side (p > 0.05). Application of LAC reduces bleeding during rhinoplasty and pain control postoperatively but reduced edema and ecchymosis should not be expected following LAC application.Öğe EFFECTS OF MANGANESE ETHYLENE-BIS-DITHIOCARBAMATE (MANEB) ON RAT NASAL RESPIRATORY MUCOSA(Carbone Editore, 2013) Deveci, E.; Yorgancilar, E.; Ekinci, C.; Koparal, M.; Akkus, Z.; Yavuz, D.Maneb (Mn-ethylene(bis)dithiocarbamate is a dithiocarbamate pesticides. It is a fungicide pesticide used in the control of mildew disease on certain crops. In general, dithiocarbamates are considered chemicals of low toxicity for humans. However, the effects of maneb in humans are diverse. It has some effects to humans via absorption through skin and respiratory system. The nasal mucosa is the first part of the airways in contact with the environment and toxic agents. The aim of this study was todetermine the histopathological effects of numb on nasal mucosa. In experimental group, the maneb was administered with inhalation to 10 male Wistar-Albino rats for five days a week. The control group (n=10) received distilled water with spray at the same time period. The experiment was terminated after three weeks. In each case, sections of the nosewere taken. In experimental group,microscopic examination of nasal respiratory mucosa revealed; Hypertrophy of epithelial cells and goblet cells, increasing of mucus secretion, decreasing in sizes of cilia and flattening of the cells near the basement membrane and apoptotic cells in the degenerated respiratory epithelial cells, detected a mild inflammatory reaction and a vascular dilatation in the connective tissue. All changes were statistically significant. In control group of 10 rats no significant histopathologic lesions were found. As a result, our study, maneb is potentially toxic agent to respiratory mucosa.Öğe The evaluation of microleakage and fluoride release of different types of glass ionomer cements(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2019) Bahsi, E.; Sagmak, S.; Dayi, B.; Cellik, O.; Akkus, Z.Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate six different glass ionomer cement (GIC)-based restorative materials through comparisons of microleakage and fluoride release. Materials and Methods: For microleakage, 30 teeth were randomly separated into 6 groups of 5: Group 1 (Dyract: compomer), Group 2 (Freedom: compomer), Group 3 (Equia: high-viscosity glass ionomer cements), Group 4 (Fuji IX: resin-modified glass ionomer cement), Group 5 (Ketac Molar: traditional glass ionomer cement [TGIC]) and Group 6 (Voco: TGIC). For fluoride release of six different GIC-based restorative materials, standard samples were prepared of 4 mm thickness and 7 mm diameter. A total of 60 samples were obtained as 10 samples from each group. The analyses were made using a Thermo Orion 720 A+ ionometer with the Orion fluoride electrode. At the end of 24 h, 72 h, 7 days, 14 days, and 30 days, the electrode was placed into the dish containing the sample, distilled water, and TISAB II; a reading was taken; and the value shown on the screen was recorded. Results: For microleakage, a statistically significant difference was determined between the groups in respect of the occlusal variable (P < 0.05), no statistically significant gingival variable (P 0.05). About fluoride release: According to the repeated measures variance analysis results, the difference between the groups, and between the time-group interaction and according to time, was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In terms of microleakage, it was concluded that all materials could be used in clinical applications. The Equia high-viscosity glass ionomer cements (HVGIC) was determined to be the material with the highest fluoride release value.Öğe Relationship between lentin, insulin resistance, insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in patients with chronic kidney disease(Sage Publications Ltd, 2008) Atamer, A.; Ecder, S. Alisir; Akkus, Z.; Kocyigit, Y.; Atamer, Y.; Ilhan, N.; Ecder, T.This study examined the relationship between leptin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and insulin resistance in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Levels of leptin, insulin, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and common routine parameters were measured in 45 patients (23 males and 22 females) with CKD and 45 healthy controls matched for age, gender and body mass index. IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were measured using a two-site immunoradiometric assay. Leptin levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A homeostasis model assessment computer-solved model was used to assess insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Levels of serum leptin, insulin, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and HOMA-IR were significantly increased in patients with CKD compared with healthy subjects, whereas fasting blood glucose was not significantly different between the two groups. In patients with CKD, the serum leptin level was significantly correlated with IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and HOMA-IR. In conclusion, this study suggests that there is an interaction between leptin, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and insulin resistance in patients with CKD.Öğe Relationship between radiographic features and bone mineral density in elderly men(Via Medica, 2010) Karabulut, Oe; Tuncer, M. C.; Karabulut, Z.; Acikgoz, A.; Hatipoglu, E. S.; Akkus, Z.Lumbar disc degeneration is characterised radiologically by the presence of osteophytes, endplate sclerosis, and disc space narrowing. Our study was designed to assess anterior lumbar osteophytes, disc space narrowing, end plate sclerosis, and bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck of elderly men. A total of 1000 men, aged between 71 and 90 years, were invited to participate in the study. BMD was assessed at the spine and femoral neck using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We examined the relationship with the degree of lumbar spinal and femoral neck deformity by using the Z-score. Lateral and anterioposterior spinal radiographs were evaluated for features of lumbar disc degeneration. The observers consisted of a consultant physical therapist, a radiologist, and anatomists who together studied the series of radiographs. Anterior lumbar osteophytes (grade 0-3), end-plate sclerosis, and disc space narrowing (grade 0-2) were evaluated. The Pearson correlation test was used to determine the association between radiographic features, the lumbar mineral density (LBMD), and femoral neck mineral density (FNBMD). In all, 90.6% of lumbar vertebral levels showed evidence of anterior osteophytes, 87.5% showed evidence of end plate sclerosis, and 68.2% of disc space narrowing. Additionally, there was a strong negative correlation in terms of age at the femoral neck, though not at the spine. On the other hand, there was a significant correlation between osteophyte grade and end plate sclerosis at the spine. In our study, the radiographic features of lumbar disc degeneration, anterior osteophytes, and end plate sclerosis were associated with an increase in BMD at the spine. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 3: 170-176)Öğe Role of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in chromosomal aberrations and mitotic index in patients with chronic hepatitis B(Assoc Bras Divulg Cientifica, 2012) Akbas, H.; Yalcin, K.; Isi, H.; Tekes, S.; Atay, A. E.; Akkus, Z.; Budak, T.Polymorphisms of the p53 gene, which participates in DNA repair, can affect the functioning of the p53 protein. The Arg and Pro variants in p53 codon 72 were shown to have different regulation properties of p53-dependent DNA repair target genes that can affect various levels of cytogenetic aberrations in chronic hepatitis B patients. The present study aimed to examine the frequency of chromosomal aberrations and the mitotic index in patients with chronic hepatitis B and their possible association with p53 gene exon 4 codon 72 Arg72Pro (Ex4+ 119 G>C; rs1042522) polymorphism. Fifty-eight patients with chronic hepatitis B and 30 healthy individuals were genotyped in terms of the p53 gene codon 72 Arg72Pro polymorphism by PCR-RFLP. A 72-h cell culture was performed on the same individuals and evaluated in terms of chromosomal aberrations and mitotic index. A high frequency of chromosomal aberrations and low mitotic index were detected in the patient group compared to the control group. A higher frequency of chromosomal aberrations was detected in both the patient and the control groups with a homozygous proline genotype (13 patients, 3 control subjects) compared to patients and controls with other genotypes [Arg/Pro (38 patients, 20 control subjects) and Arg/Arg (7 patients, 7 control subjects)]. We observed an increased frequency of cytogenetic aberrations in patients with chronic hepatitis B. In addition, a higher frequency of cytogenetic aberrations was observed in p53 variants having the homozygous proline genotype compared to variants having other genotypes both in patients and healthy individuals.Öğe Serum levels of leptin and homocysteine in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relationship to endocrine, clinical and metabolic parameters(Sage Publications Ltd, 2008) Atamer, A.; Demir, B.; Bayhan, G.; Atamer, Y.; Ilhan, N.; Akkus, Z.We examined the relationship between endocrine, clinical and metabolic parameters in 35 women (mean age 27.3 years) with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and 30 age- and body mass index-matched normal ovulatory women. In PCOS women, serum leptin, homocysteine, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 levels and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were significantly higher, while sex hormone-binding globulin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were lower compared with healthy women. Serum luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E-2), androstenedione, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels were found to be significantly higher in PCOS women compared with healthy women. The levels of E-2, LH and testosterone were positively correlated with leptin levels in PCOS women. Similarly, androstenedione levels and HOMA-IR were positively correlated with homocysteine levels and insulin levels were positively correlated with LH. We conclude that increased homocysteine levels, hyperandrogenaemia, insulin resistance and impaired lipid metabolism contribute to the risk of premature atherosclerosis in PCOS women.Öğe Temporal bone erosion in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media(Royal Belgian Soc Ear, Nose, Throat, Head & Neck Surgery, 2013) Yorgancilar, E.; Akkus, Z.; Gun, R.; Yildirim, M.; Bakir, S.; Kinis, V.; Meric, F.Temporal bone erosion in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media. Objectives: To analyse temporal bone erosion sites (including scutum, labyrinth, facial canal, mastoid tegmen, posterior fossa dural plate and sigmoid sinus plate) in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). Methodology: Retrospective case review in a tertiary referral centre. Medical records were reviewed from 905 patients (121 complicated; 784 non-complicated) who received a mastoidectomy as a minimum intervention for the treatment of CS OM. Results: All types of temporal bone erosion were found to be more frequent in patients with complicated CSOM. Erosion in the scutum, mastoid tegmen, posterior fossa dural plate and labyrinth was observed significantly more frequently in complicated-CSOM patients with a cholesteatoma. Granulation/polyp tissue invaded the sigmoid sinus and facial canal at a rate similar to cholesteatoma. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that bone erosion is more frequent in complicated-CSOM patients. Temporal bone erosion can be seen in both cholesteatomatous and non-cholesteatomatous CSOM patients. Granulation/polyp tissue was as important as cholesteatoma in the erosion of the facial canal and sigmoid sinus plate.Öğe Trauma Scores and Neuron-specific Enolase, Cytokine and C-reactive Protein Levels as Predictors of Mortality in Patients with Blunt Head Trauma(Sage Publications Ltd, 2010) Sogut, O.; Guloglu, C.; Orak, M.; Sayhan, M. B.; Gokdemir, M. T.; Ustundag, M.; Akkus, Z.This study evaluated serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cytokine and high-sensitivity C-reactive-protein (hs-CRP) levels, along with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Revised Trauma Score (RTS), as predictors of mortality in the early post-traumatic period, in 100 Turkish patients with blunt head trauma. Overall patient mortality was 27%. There was a significant association between age and mortality, and mortality was negatively correlated with GCS and RTS. Head injury severity (GCS) was significantly related to NSE, hs-CRP, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels. Mortality correlated positively with IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha and hs-CRP levels. NSE, hs-CRP, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha levels were significantly higher in non-survivors compared with survivors. GCS score <= 8, younger age and NSE levels were significant independent predictors of mortality. During the early post-traumatic period, NSE may be an objective alternative criterion to the GCS, in the management of patients with blunt head trauma.
