Yazar "Akinci, Cuma" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 18 / 18
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe Assessment of genotype x environment interaction on yield and yield components of durum wheat genotypes by multivariate analyses(Academic Journals, 2011) Sakin, Mehmet Ali; Akinci, Cuma; Duzdemir, Oral; Donmez, EminWheat breeders have to determine the new cultivars and lines responsive to the environmental changes for grain yield and yield components. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate 25 durum wheat (Triticum turgidum spp. durum) genotypes including 12 registered cultivars and 13 advanced breeding lines for their stability grown in three different locations (Tokat-Kazova, Diyarbakir and Sivas-Ulas) of Turkey for two growing seasons (2005-2006 and 2006-2007), and to select genotypes having desirable traits to be used in future durum wheat breeding program. Field trials were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at each location. Days to heading, plant height, number of spikes per square meter, number of kernels per spike, spike weight, 1000 kernel weight and grain yield of the genotypes were evaluated in each location. The regression coefficient (b(i)) of Finlay and Wilkinson (1963) and mean square of deviation from regression (S-d(2)) of Eberhart and Russell (1966) were used as the stability parameters. The results of combined analysis of variance showed a strong influence of the locations on plant height, number of spikes per square meter, number of kernels per spike, spike weight, 1000 kernel weight and grain yield. Genotypic effects were mainly observed for spike length and test weight. Year had strong impact only on the days to heading. Ecological conditions of Diyarbakir among locations offer the better opportunity for production of durum wheat. Line 5 and cultivar Gidara were both stable in yield ability and also appeared the stable group based on the cluster analysis. In the first principal component days to heading, number of spikes per square meter and spike length were the most important traits contributing to variation that obtained about 44.3%. There was a positive relationship between grain yield and number of spikes per square meter together test weight, whereas days to heading and spike length were negatively correlated to grain yield. The results of this study also imply that Line-5 and cultivar Gidara among genotypes were the most stable cultivars and can be used as breeding materials. The days to heading, number of spikes per square meter and spike length could be adequate to introduce the differences among genotypes.Öğe The determination of qualities in different whole-plant silages among hybrid maize cultivars(Academic Journals, 2011) Demirel, Ramazan; Akdemir, Fatih; Saruhan, Veysel; Demirel, Dilek Senturk; Akinci, Cuma; Aydin, FiratThis study was conducted in order to determine the effects of 12 maize hybrids (Goldeclat, Falkner, Maverik, Tivak 6661, Tivak 678, Bora, Consur, DK 626, Ada 9510, Pioneer 3167, TTM 815, and LG 55) on the nutrient composition (that is, dry matter - DM, crude ash - CA, organic matter - OM, crude protein - CP, ether extract - EE, crude fiber - CF), pH, Fleig point (FP) values, and the mineral contents of maize silages. The maize hybrids were harvested at the milk-line maturity stage and ensiled as whole plant in 5-L plastic jars without additives. The jars were stored at 25 +/- 2 degrees C under standard laboratory conditions. the silages were uncovered and sampled for chemical analyses 60 days after they were ensilaged. There were statistically significant differences among maize hybrid silages for DM, CA, OM, CP, EE, CF contents, pH, and FP values (P<0.05). The DM content of silages were ranged from 25.67% in LG 55 to 32.41% in Falkner; CP (4.07% in Bora and LG 55 to 6.91% in Tivak 678); CA (4.64% in Maverik to 7.94% in LG 55); OM (17.07% in LG 55 to 27.64% in Falkner); EE (2.68% in DK 626 to 4.40% in Tivak 678); CF (17.96% in Pioneer 3167 to 27.28% in TTM 815); pH value (3.76 in TTM 815 to 4.05 in Pioneer 3167); FP (95.68 in LG 55 to 112.64 in Consur). The result of the study indicated that fermentation characteristics and nutrient contents were affected by the hybrids that were studied. However, there were no significant differences among dry matter mineral contents for As, B, Cr, Fe, Sn, Cu, Mn, and Zn (P>0.05); but there were significant differences among hybrids for Al (P<0.05).Öğe Effects of different previous crops and nitrogen rates on double cropping maize (Zea mays L.)(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2008) Gul, Ismail; Akinci, Cuma; Doran, Ilhan; Kilic, Hasan; Baytekin, HarunThe effects of previous crops (wheat, barley, lentil, Hungarian vetch and fallow) and different nitrogen rate (0, 120, 160, 200 and 240 kg N ha(-1)) on grain yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) were evaluated under irrigated conditions in Diyarbakir, Turkey in the 1999-2000, 2000-2001 growing seasons. Maize was grown in summers and wheat, barley, lentil and Hungarian vetch in winters. In-the study, grain yield of maize varied between 6340.3 and 11598.9 kg ha(-1). It was determined that Hungarian vetch was suitable for previous crop and 160 kg ha(-1) N rate is the best nitrogen rate in maize production. According to the interaction of previous crop-nitrogen rate, the highest yield was obtained from the subject grown after lentil and Hungarian vetch with 160 kg N ha(-1). Maize following legumes in rotation did not respond to applications over 160 kg N ha(-1), while barley-maize, wheat-maize increased at all levels of N applied. Fallow-sorghum did not respond to-application over 200 kg N ha(-1).Öğe Effects of Different Zinc Application Methods on Agronomic Traits of Durum Wheat in a Semi-Arid Anatolian Environment(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2009) Doran, Ilhan; Akinci, Cuma; Yildirim, Mehmet; Guel, Ismail; Kaya, ZuelkuefThis study was carried out to determine the effects of different zinc doses and application methods on grain yield, yield components and plant zinc concentrations of durum wheat (cv. Diyarbakir 81) in Southeastern Anatolia region between 2000 and 2002 years. The treatments were soil, seed and leaf applications of zinc to wheat. The amounts of 0, 1800, 3600 and 5400 g zinc ton(-1) seed(-1) for the seed application, 0.0, 2.3, 4.6 and 6.9 kg zinc ha(-1) for soil application and 0.0, 110, 330 and 550 g zinc ha(-1) for the leaf application were used. The results showed that zinc doses significantly affected all the investigated properties. The highest value for all investigated properties, except protein content, was obtained by the highest zinc doses. Compared to the control, grain yield at third and fourth doses increased 15.0 and 17.4 %, over all application methods, respectively. Yield components, i.e., spike length, spikelet number, grain number per spike and thousand grain weight were increased approximately 10 % upon the addition of third and fourth doses. Application methods significantly affected to grain yield, zinc concentration, protein content of grain and plant height. The highest doses of soil, leaf and seed applications increased grain yield up to 26.9, 12.5 and 12.2 %, respectively. The application of 6.9 kg zinc ha(-1) to soil or 5400 g zinc ton(-1) seed(-1) to seed or 550 g zinc ha(-1) solution to the plants may be more efficient in terms of their economically feasibility and yield increases.Öğe Effects of different zinc doses on zinc and protein contents of barley(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2008) Akinci, Cuma; Doran, Ilhan; Yildirim, Mehmet; Guel, IsmailThis study aimed to investigate the effects of different zinc doses and application methods on zinc and protein contents and some yield components of barley (cv. Sahin 91) grown under the semi-arid conditions of south-eastern Anatolia. Foliar and soil application and seed dressing methods at varying levels were tested. Teprosyn F-2498 (600 g Zn L-1) was dressed on-seeds with four doses (0, 3, 6, 9 1 ton(-1)). Four doses (0, 10, 20, 30 kg ha(-1)) of ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O fertilizer were applied into soil at sowing time and four doses (0.0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 %) (0.0, 110, 330, 550 g Zn ha(-1)) of ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O solution were sprayed three times on to the plants at 15 d intervals, starting from stem elongation onward. Seed dressing affected significantly the protein content of grain, spike length and kernel weight in barley. Soil zinc applications affected spike length and protein content of grain. Foliar Zn applications significantly affected grain weight and the Zn content of barley. Second and third doses of all application methods affected the grain yield, yield components and Zn content of the plants significantly. It was determined that the application of 30 kg ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O ha(-1) to the soil or the application of 6 L ton(-1) Teprosyn F-2498 to the seed or 0.3 % of ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O solution to the plants should be more efficient in terms of their economically feasible aspects and yield increases.Öğe EFFECTS OF ETHYL METHANESULFONATE ON GROWTH AND YIELD PARAMETERS OF WHEAT AND TOLERANCE TO IMAZAMOX(Bangladesh Botanical Soc, 2024) Bayhan, Merve; Ozkan, Remzi; Albayrak, Onder; Akinci, Cuma; Yildirim, MehmetIn the present study objective bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) lines resistant to Imazamox herbicides and effective lethal ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) doses for plants. During first year (2019/2020), 1000 seeds of bread wheat and durum wheat treated with 11 different EMS doses were sown under field and greenhouse conditions. During second year (2020/2021), M1 (first generation) cereal seeds were grown as M2 (second generation) in field experiments. Herbicide containing Imazamox at a rate of 125 ml per decare was applied to M2 generation plants when they reached approximately 15 cm in height. In bread and durum wheat lines, emergent plants were observed up to a dose of 60mM EMS. The effective EMS doses for the wheat species were determined as 80 mM for bread wheat and 50 mM for durum wheat.Öğe The effects of seed size on emergence and yield of durum wheat(Wfl Publ, 2008) Akinci, Cuma; Yildirim, Mehmet; Bahar, BilgeA two years study was conducted in the 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 growing seasons to determine the effect of seed size on seedling emergence, yield and quality of 'Ceylan 95' durum wheat. In the study, seeds were separated with different sieves and 4 different size groups were prepared. Seed sizes were smaller than 2.2 mm, 2.2-2.5 mm, 2.5-2.8 mm and bigger than 2.8 mm. The seed density of each group was 450 seeds m(-2). The trial was performed according to the completely randomized block design with three replications. Grain yield was increased with uniform large seeds in both years. The use of largest seeds resulted in a more competitive cropping system, improving grain yields by 15%. Germination and emergence rates were higher in bigger seeds. The 1000 kernel weight and test weight of smaller seeds were higher than those of bigger seeds because of poor emergence rate. The use of uniform large seeds increased seedling emergence and grain yield. Results demonstrate that commercial seeds >2.2 mm wide can be successfully used in wheat production.Öğe EVALUATION OF SPAD CHLOROPHYLL IN SPRING WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2016) Barutcular, Celaleddin; Yildirim, Mehmet; Koc, Mujde; Akinci, Cuma; Toptas, Irem; Albayrak, Onder; Tanrikulu, AbdulkadirWheat is an important food crop. Its production is limited by multiple environmental stresses, especially terminal heat stress. High temperature and drought are the main stresses affecting wheat production in the Mediterranean region. Hence, the chlorophyll content in leaves reflects photosynthetic activity and the yield potential of wheat plants. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) chlorophyll meter readings and their relationships with the grain yield of spring wheat growing in different environments, and to examine the physiological responses to environmental stress at different growth stages. Sixteen spring wheat genotypes were grown under two temperature (cool and warm) and two moisture (rain-fed and irrigated) regimes during the 2011/2012 growing season in two locations in Turkey (Adana and Diyarbakir). There were significant genotypic variations in SPAD values under all conditions. There was a significant positive correlation between third-leaf SPAD values and grain yield in the cool-climate conditions at Adana. There was a significant positive relationship between flag-leaf SPAD values at the heading stage and grain yield under cool-climate conditions in Diyarbakir, while the relationship between SPAD values and grain yield was negative under warm-environment conditions. The SPAD values were more strongly affected by location and heat stress than by drought stress. Regarding to the range of SPAD values within each genotype was relatively stable. Together, these results showed that SPAD values can be used as an indicator of grain yield in spring wheat, providing that the measurements are taken at appropriate stages at each location.Öğe Evaluation of yield and yield components of some Turkish maize landraces grown in south eastern Anatolia, Turkey by biplot analysis(Life Sciences Soc Pakistan, 2019) Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Albayrak, Onder; Yildirim, Mehmet; Akinci, Cuma; Bicer, Behiye TubaMaize has comparatively high genetic diversity. Thus, we evaluated yield and yield traits on 92 maize landraces collected from Black Sea and Marmara Regions of Turkey and investigated three maize hybrids for yield and some morphological traits under Diyarbakir conditions in 2016 growing season. Mean value of plant height varied between 131-270 cm among maize landraces, 62.33-177cm for first ear height, 13.07-24.70 mm for stalk thickness, 9.04-22 cm for ear length, 10.70-44.16 mm for ear diameter, 7.33-16.80 for row number of ear(-1), 10-44.60 for the number of kernels in row(-1), 16.43-27.46 mm for rachis diameter and 1387-18226.7 kg ha(-1) for grain yield. According to our finding of the hybrid and the local maize genotypes, the grain yield, the number of grains in the cob and the weight of the cob, plant height, and number of rows were collected in the single group in the biplot chart. DZM-194-2 and DZM-11 local maize genotypes were found more stable for all investigated traits. DZM-7, DZM-194-2, DZM-11 and DZM-222-4 genotypes shown superiority to other genotypes in terms of grain yield.Öğe EVALUATION OF YIELD TRAITS, QUALITY PARAMETERS AND SEED YIELD STABILITY FOR LENTIL GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT LOCATIONS IN TURKEY(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2019) Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Bicer, Behiye Tuba; Yildirim, Mehmet; Akinci, Cuma; Albayrak, Onder; Bayman, SerkanLentil is conventionally grown as a rain fed crop, mostly in the Middle East; it's a rich source of protein for human feeding. Yield, seed quality, adaptability and chalky spot syndrome of fifteen lentil genotypes and five lentil cultivars were evaluated in the South-Eastern Anatolia of Turkey. Yield and yield trails as well as seed quality such as protein content, seed rate with chalky spotted and germination rate for of all genotypes were varied significantly. Seed yield were varied from 1337 to 2142 kg/ha among the genotypes. While cultivar 'Sakar' produced the maximum yield and cultivar 'BM 848' produced the minimum seed yield. It was also revealed that genotypes 'ILL10975', 'FLIP2010-94L' and cultivar 'Sakar' was found the most sensitive to cold. Lentil crops with chalky spotted were detected in Adiyaman location and its rate ranged from 42% to 13%. Genotype x environment interaction was significant for seed yield and different stability parameters were computed for genotype adaptability. Ecovalance (W(2)i) and stability variance (sigma(2)i) were low value in genotypes ILL 3375 and Kafkas, but Firat 87 had high values.Öğe Nitrogen Rate and Timing Implementation on Durum Wheat in a Bed Planting System(Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, 2016) Yildirim, Mehmet; Yakut, Zeki; Akinci, Cuma; Kurt, Firat; Kizilgeci, FerhatThe effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization at different growth stages were investigated on durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) grain yield and yield components (with irrigated bed planting) in Diyarbakir, Turkey. N was applied at a rate of 140 kg ha(-1) and distributed to one, two and three applications at various combinations with five different growth stages (i.e. sowing, seedling growth, early tillering, stem elongation and booting). This study included 13 treatments, including the control (zero nitrogen). The N application timings (NAT) of the 50% sowing + 50% early tillering and 66% sowing + 33% early tillering treatments were most suitable for durum wheat. The results showed that NAT had significant effect on flowering time, SPAD readings of the early milky ripe stage, plant density, thousand kernel weights, grain filling duration, grain filling rate, grain N content, grain yield, harvest index and grain N yield. In summary, the highest values of parameters studied were obtained from the 50% sowing + 50% first tillering and 66% sowing + 33% early tillering treatments. N fertilization application rate and time of durum wheat genotypes should consist of applying 50-60% of the total N fertilizer at sowing and 40-50% at the early tillering stage under irrigated conditions and with bed planting.Öğe QUALITY TRAITS PERFORMANCE OF BREAD WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER DROUGHT AND HEAT STRESS CONDITIONS(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2016) Barutcular, Celaleddin; Yildirim, Mehmet; Kocl, Mujde; Dizlek, Halef; Akinci, Cuma; El Sabagh, Ayman; Saneoka, HirofumiThe current study aimed at assessing grain quality traits under stress environments and to determine the superior wheat varieties with high quality traits and tolerant/sensitive to harsh environment. Sixteen spring wheat genotypes were grown under two temperature levels (cool and warm) and two regimes (rain-fed and irrigated) in the experimental area of Dicle University, Turkey. The analysis of variance showed that genotypes and environment were found to significantly influence all quality parameters as major effects. Rain-fed environment (water stress) caused a significant reduction in grain quality traits except grain protein and dry gluten contents. Warm environment (heat stress) caused significant reductions in grain weight, grain starch content, test weight, gluten index and grain flour content. Hence, delayed sowing associated with high temperature resulted in overall increase in protein content, dry gluten content and Zeleny test. In respect to genotypes, significant differences in quality parameters were found and performance of Inqilab-91, Cham-6, Adana-99 and Meta-2002 were better in respect of most traits under different conditions. It is also opined that Inqilab-91, Cham-6, Adana-99 and Meta-2002 are healthier and better responsive genotypes in respect of grain quality under adverse environment (water stress and heat stress).Öğe Response of Durum Wheat Seedlings to Salinity(Univ Agr Sci & Veterinary Med Cluj-Napoca, 2015) Yildirim, Mehmet; Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Akinci, Cuma; Albayrak, OnderSalinity is an important source of abiotic stress, limiting crop performance in most arid and semi-arid areas of the world. This research was conducted to determine the effects of salinity on physiological parameters of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf) genotypes. The research was conducted in the tissue culture laboratory at the Agriculture Faculty of Dicle University. The study consisted of one durum wheat commercial cultivar, five local cultivars and four advanced genotypes. There were three replications in a split-plot experimental design. Genotypes were germinated in four NaCl concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150 mM) in plastic boxes. There were statistically assured significant differences among the genotypes for all salt concentrations and all observed parameters (coleoptile length, seedling length, root length, seedling fresh weight, root fresh weight, seedling dry weight, root dry weight, germination rare and seedling vigor). There was significant decrease in all examined parameters depending on the increase of salt concentration. The 'Sorgul' genotype was most tolerant to salinity, in terms of root length and root dry weight, whereas 'Altintoprak 98' was most tolerant as measured by the impact of salinity on coleoptile length, seedling fresh weight, germination rate and seedling vigour. The 'Beyaziye genotype was the most sensitive to salinity-induced stress. The results from this study demonstrated differences among durum wheat genotypes for seedling parameters measured in the presence of salinity stress.Öğe Response of Silage Maize (Zea mays L.) to Nitrogen Fertilizer after Different Crops in a Semi Arid Environment(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2008) Gul, Ismail; Yildirim, Mehmet; Akinci, Cuma; Doran, Ilhan; Kilic, HasanThe use of legume crops in maize rotation systems may decrease the need for nitrogen (N) fertilization and increase total output. The effect of previous crops (wheat, barley, lentil, Hungarian vetch, and fallow) and different N fertilization rates (0, 120, 160, 200, and 240 kg of N ha(-1)) on yield and N content of silage maize (Zea mays L.) were evaluated under irrigated conditions in Diyarbakir, Turkey, during the 1999-2000, 2000-2001, and 2001-2002 growing seasons. Dry matter yield varied between 10,068.2 and 16,480.4 kg ha(-1). It was determined that Hungarian vetch was a suitable rotation crop, and that 200 kg of N ha(-1) was the best N fertilization rate for silage maize production across years and N rates. Moreover, according to the previous crop x N fertilization rate interaction, the highest dry matter yield was obtained from 240 kg of N ha(-1) after barley. Silage maize following Hungarian vetch in rotation did not respond to the application of more than 120 kg of N ha(-1), in terms of dry matter and N yields, while in barley-maize and wheat-maize these 2 parameters increased in response to every level of N fertilization applied. Additionally, fallow-maize and wheat-maize did not respond to the application of more than 200 kg of N ha(-1). The legumes showed potential as previous crops that could replace fallow and cereals in silage maize production by reducing the amount of N fertilizer used on silage maize without significantly decreasing dry matter and N yield. Nonetheless, the cereals demonstrated high dry matter yields, based on annual production. According to regression analysis, the highest dry matter and N yields were obtained from the application of 198, 254, 211, 80, and 210 kg of N ha(-1) after previous crops of wheat, barley, lentil, Hungarian vetch, and fallow, respectively.Öğe Screening of barley landraces by direct selection for crop improvement(Taylor & Francis As, 2009) Akinci, Cuma; Yildirim, MehmetBarley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces display a high degree of variability in morphological and developmental traits, in disease resistance, and in protein content. Representatives of 29 barley landraces from southeast Turkey were collected from farmers' fields, for a total of 800 accessions. The objectives of this study were to characterize these accessions over four years for morphological and agronomical traits to be used for future selection and breeding program. The observed variation between landraces was very large for all traits. In the first year of testing the accessions showed average grain yields ranging from 197-2225 kg ha(-1). After three years of selection, promising accessions were tested at two different geographical regions and using two different irrigation methods. One line was identified which significantly out-yielded the local landrace in all of the testing years and had a higher average yield than the check genotypes.Öğe SEED GERMINATION RATE IN LENTIL (LENS CULINARIS) WITH CHALKY SPOTTED(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Bicer, Behiye Tuba; Toncer, Ozlem; Kavak, Hamit; Akinci, CumaThe chalky spot syndrome is a serious seed quality problem in red lentil in the southeast Anatolia of Turkey. This research was carried out to determine the chalky spot rate and its effect on the seed germination in twenty lentil genotypes. Germination tests as three groups performed; (i) seeds from damaged location were cleaned, and two groups were divided as damaged and non-damaged, (ii) all seeds from damaged location, and (iii) seeds from non damaged location. Chalky spot rate among genotypes ranged from 11.0 to 42.92%. Mean of germination speed in damaged seeds was 46.88%, and ranged from 20 to 66% in damaged seeds. Mean of germination speed in non-damaged seeds was 84.5%. Chalky spotted seed rate strongly reduced germination rate.Öğe STABILITY EVALUATION OF BREAD WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER VARYING ENVIRONMENTS BY AMMI MODEL(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2019) Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Albayrak, Onder; Yildirim, Mehmet; Akinci, CumaStable and high yield varieties identification under various conditions prior to release as a variety is the main steps for breeding program. In order to exploit narrow and broad adaptability of genotypes and assess their effects, environment and GE interaction, 12 spring bread wheat genotypes were grown at four various experimental locations during 2013-14 and 2014-15 growing seasons. The stability and superiority of genotypes were identified by the AMMI (additive main effect and multiplicative interaction) and GGE (genotype, genotype x environment) biplot analysis. The AMMI analysis showed that the variance of genotype, environment and GE interaction were significant and the major treatment sum of squares were significantly affected by environments (85.47%), genotypes (8.51%) and GE interaction (6.07%). On the other hand, the first principal component axes (PCA 1) distributed to the complete interaction as 62.56%, and the second PCA 2 axes 37.44%. The GGE bi-plot analysis indicated that the total variation PC (principle component) was 83.09%, and PC1 was accounted as 63.69%, PC2 only 19.40%. The AMMI analysis showed that C11 was quite stable as well as the highest yielder among test genotypes, while C7 and C8 were unstable and low yielding across environments. The GGE biplot indicated that it was detected in two mega-environments, and the first mega-environment covered three environment (E1, E2 and E3), and the second mega-environment covered only E4. The genotypes C11 and C12 remained superior under ME I, while genotypes C1, C3 and C5 were for ME II. Among the genotypes, the genotype C1 may be recommended to be developed and released as an approved cultivar for being comparatively more stable and the highest yielder. Therefore the AMMI and GGE biplot models have an opportunity to determine the best genotypes under multiple environments considering on adaptability and stability concentrating on overall performance for screening superior genotypes.Öğe Variations in morphological and physiological traits of bread wheat diallel crosses under timely and late sowing conditions(Elsevier Science Bv, 2013) Yildirim, Mehmet; Koc, Mujde; Akinci, Cuma; Barutcular, CelaleddinFour wheat cultivars and their F-1 hybrids, at full diallel design, were sown timely and late to represent non-stress and stress conditions. The objectives of this study were to (1) investigate gas exchange (A(n),g(s), C-i, A(n)/C-i), canopy temperature depression (CTD), chlorophyll content measured by SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter (SPAD, soil plant analysis development) and certain agronomic traits, (2) to determine the relationships among all traits, and (3) to obtain genetic information on physiological traits via diallel analysis. Gas exchange at the medium milk development stage and SPAD measurements at the heading and late milk development stages were made on flag leaf. CTD was measured at medium milk development at three different times of day: late morning, noon and early afternoon. All gas exchange parameters decreased under late sowing conditions, except A(n)/C-i. The CTD was higher under the late sowing conditions compared with the timely sowing conditions. The plants were cooler at early afternoon than at the other measurement times. The SPAD chlorophyll at the heading time for timely sowing was higher than for late sowing, while the SPAD chlorophyll at the late milky stage decreased for timely sowing and increased for late sowing with respect to the measurement at heading time. Compared with the parents, the hybrids had higher values for grain yield, CTD, SPAD chlorophyll and all agronomic traits under both conditions. Significant reciprocal differences were observed in all gas exchange parameters (under both non-stress and stress conditions), except for C-i under non-stress conditions, while reciprocal effects were not observed for SPAD chlorophyll. Reciprocal effects for CTD were significant at noon and early afternoon under stress conditions. SPAD chlorophyll at heading and late milk development correlated significantly with grain yield under stress conditions. All CTD and SPAD chlorophyll measurements showed corresponding correlations with grain yield under non-stress conditions. The data indicate that SPAD chlorophyll has the potential, as an indirect selection criterion in early segregating generations, to improve high grain-yielding genotypes under stress conditions. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
