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    Bioaccumulation, resistance, and remediation of Mn(II) and Cu(II) and their impacts on antioxidant enzymes of Anoxybacillus flavithermus
    (Institute for Ionics, 2023) Özdemir, Sadin; Turkan, Zeynep; Kılınç, Ersin; Altuner, Elif Esra; Şen, Fatih
    In this article, the effects of copper (Cu(II)) and manganese (Mn(II)) ions on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase enzymes (CAT) of the thermophilic Anoxybacillus flavithermus (A. flavithermus) were thoroughly examined. Results from experiments using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed that A. flavithermus was less tolerant of ions in the liquid media than in the solid medium. In comparison to the control, the greatest percentage of bacterial growth was determined to be 20.4% including the addition of Mn(II) and 17.6% including the addition of Cu(II). Mn(II) bioaccumulation increases the total weight of the bacteria, while Cu(II) bioaccumulation specifically increases the weight of dry A. flavithermus (MDBW). The ability of A. flavithermus cell membrane to bioaccumulate ions was examined. At various ion concentrations, the CAT and SOD activities were examined. Any possible morphological alteration following the encounter with ions. The findings suggested that A. flavithermus may be used to extract and remove hazardous metals from industrial wastewaters. A. flavithermus is a potential bioindicator of hazardous metal-contaminated waters, according to antioxidative enzyme activity. Additionally, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes CAT and SOD increased with increasing ion concentrations up to 10.0 mg/L over a 48 h period. This indicates a protective response against oxidative stress caused by Cu(II) and Mn(II) ions.
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    A novel bio-solid phase extractor for preconcentrations of Hg and Sn in food samples
    (Academic Press INC Elsevier Science, 2022) Kılınç, Ersin; Özdemir, Sadin; Poli, Annarita; Niolaus, Barbara; Romano, Ida; Bekmezci, Muhammed; Şen, Fatih
    An ecofriendly preconcentration method was developed based on the use of Geobacillus galactosidasius sp. nov immobilized on Amberlite XAD-4 as an adsorbent for the preconcentrations of Hg and Sn. SEM-EDX performed for the investigation of surface functionality and morphology. The detailed investigations of factors such as pH of the solution, flow rate, interfering ions and sample volume have been thanks to the optimization of the preconcentration system. The optimum pHs were found as 5.0-7.0 for Hg and Sn and also the optimum flow rates were determined as 2 mL min(-1) for recovery of Hg and Sn. Under the best experimental conditions, limits of detections (LOD) were found as 0.53 ng mL(-1) for Hg and 0.27 ng mL(-1) for Sn. RSDs were calculated as 8.2% for Hg and 6.9% for Sn. The process was validated to use certified references (fish samples). ICP-OES was used to measure the levels of Hg and Sn in various real meal patterns after the devised technique was used. Concentrations of Hg and Sn were quantitively measured on gluten-free biscuit, flour, rice, Tuna fish, meat, chicken meat, potato, chocolate, coffee, tap water, energy drink and mineral water samples with low RSD. The developed method emerges as an innovative technology that will eliminate the low cost and toxic effect.