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Öğe ADM and SFLT-1 Eexpression in placentas with gestational diabetes mellitus(Merthan Tunay, 2023) Arslan, Necat; Söker, Sevda İpek; Başaran, Süreyya Özdemir; Kaplan, Özge; Aşır, Fırat; Deveci, Engin; Şeker, UğurAim: In this study, we aimed to examine the expression levels of Adrenomedullin (ADM) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), two novel proteins found to be involved in vascular regulation in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), to compare the expression levels of these proteins in the histopathology of the disease and to observe the correlation of the expression intensity of these proteins with the disease. Methods: In our study, 20 healthy and 20 GDM placenta samples were obtained. Histologic followup was performed. 5µm thick sections were taken from these tissues and stained with HematoxylinEosin and Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS). Immunohistochemically, ADM and sFlt-1 antibodies were studied. Results: In the GDM group, vascular dilatation and congestion in stem villus, hyperplasic endothelial cells, and increased syncytial bridges in the external part of the villi, mononuclear cell infiltration, pyknotic nuclei and cytoplasm loss in some of the decidual cells in the maternal region were observed. In the immunohistochemical examination, cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast cells of villous and syncytial nodes showed negative ADM expression. ADM was positively expressed in some cytotrophoblast cells of small villi, vascular endothelial cells and decidual cells. In the GDM group, sFlt-1 expression was positive in endothelial cells, some Hofbauer cells of mesenchymal connective tissue, decidual cell nuclei and membranes. Conclusions: ADM may be an important receptor in insulin metabolism to determine the glucose level because we found positive ADM expression in cytotrophoblasts and membranes of decidual cells. In addition, changes in endothelial cells of maternal and fetal regions and sFlt-1 expression in Hofbauer cells suggest that this molecule possibly plays a key role in the angiogenic effect.Öğe The changes in Hoffbauer and syncytiotrophoblast cells in serious preeclampsia complicated with hellp syndrome (Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study)(INESEG Yayıncılık, 2022) Nergiz, Yusuf; Nergiz, Şebnem; Aşır, Fırat; Deveci, Engin; Sak, Erdal; Evsen, Sıddık; Tunik, Selçuk; Şeker, UğurHELLP syndrome is a syndrome characterized by hemolytic anemia, increased liver enzymes, and thrombopenia and can be seen in 1% of all pregnancies, 10-20% of pregnancies with pain, preeclampsia, and eclampsia. HELLP syndrome usually develops in the third trimester and its pathogenesis is not clear. Human placental villus stroma contains macrophages called Hoffbauer cells (HC), which are thought to be involved in many processes. HC is also called placental macrophage and has a role in many placental events. This study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural of syncytiotrophoblast and Hoffbauer cells in the placental villi of HELLP syndrome patients. In our study, placental tissues obtained from human normal and HELLP syndrome pregnancies were prepared for light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. Immunohistochemistry techniques were applied to placenta sections. HC localizations were determined with CD68 (Hoffbauer cell marker). Fine structure properties of HC and syncytiotrophoblasts were examined by TEM. When the HELLP group fetal placental sections were examined under the light microscope, intracytoplasmic edema in syncytiotrophoblast, degenerative vacuoles, and degenerative findings on cell surface membranes were observed. Moreover, villous edema was remarkable. The increase in the number of Hoffbauer cells per villus in the HELLP group was statistically significant (p<0.00). Compared with the control group, there was a significant increase in the number of Hoffbauer cells and syncytiotrophoblast in HELLP group, and also degenerative changes were observed in the ultrastructural structure of these cells.Öğe Comparison of different fixatives effects in histochemical stainings of peripheral nerve tissue(Cellular and Molecular Biology Association, 2024) Dörtbudak, Muhammet Bahaeddin; Demircioğlu, Muhammed; Şeker, Uğur; Demircioğlu, İsmailA pathological condition in the peripheral nerve tissue, which provides the connection between the organism and the external environment, negatively affects the standard of living. The nerve tissue histotechnology is of serious importance both for scientific studies and for clinical diagnosis. The fixation, which is one of the leading procedures for histological examination of tissues, aims to preserve tissue morphology. Another essential part of the histological examination is staining process. This study, it was aimed to determine the fixative that provides optimal histological appearance in peripheral nerve tissue. Therefore, various histochemical stainings of tissues fixed with some fixatives used in practice were compared. Sciatic nerves from each rat (n=7) used in the study were fixed with different fixatives and histochemical staining was performed. In histological examination, cellular (nucleus-cytoplasm) and intercellular morphological details, staining intensity and distribution were evaluated. At the end of the study, formaldehyde was found to be the most ideal fixing agent for all stains. Although Bouin and Carnoy fixatives differed according to the staining type, their fixation quality was similar in general. Glutaraldehyde did not give as good results as other fixatives in all stainings. This study is an important technical reference for clinical and experimental studies. © 2024 Cellular and Molecular Biology Association. All rights reserved.Öğe Comparison of the anti-diabetic and nephroprotective activities of vitamin E, metformin, and Nigella sativa oil on kidney in experimental diabetic rats(Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2023) Ayaz, Hayat; Kaya, Seval; Şeker, Uğur; Nergiz, YusufObjective(s): In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the nephroprotective and possible anti-diabetic effects of vitamin E, metformin, and Nigella sativa. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into control, experimental diabetes (DM), vitamin E + DM, Metformin + DM, and N. sativa + DM. For experimental diabetes induction, IP 45 mg/kg streptozotocin was administered. Rats in vitamin E + DM, Metformin + DM, and N. sativa + DM received 100 mg/kg vitamin E, 100 mg/kg metformin, and 2.5 ml/kg N. sativa oil for 56 days. After the experiment, all animals were sacrificed, and blood and kidney samples were collected. Results: The blood urea level of the DM group was significantly higher (P[removed]0.05) but significantly different from the DM group (P[removed]0.05). Bcl-2 immunopositivity density was highest in the N. sativa group, similar to the control group in terms of percentile area (P>0.05). Conclusion: When all three treatment methods were compared in terms of their effectiveness in alleviating DM and DN, it was determined that the most successful result was obtained with N. sativa oil.Öğe Determining the effect of an electromagnetic field generated by a high voltage power line on rat spermatogonia cells(Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, 2018) Yavaş, Mehmet Cihan; Akpolat, Veysi; Deveci, Engin; Bilgin, Hakkı Murat; Kaplan, İbrahim; Şeker, Uğur; Yıldız, İsmail; Alkış, Mehmet Eşref; Çelik, Mustafa Salih; Akdağ, Mehmet ZülküfAbstract:Objective: Purpose of the study was to research the effect of an electromagnetic field created by a high voltage line onthe testes tissue and the serum biochemistry of Wistar albino male rats. At the same time, in the study also examinedthe protective effects of melatonin and ganoderma lucidum.Methods: In the study, 64 rats were divided into eight equal groups (n: 8). In experiments lasting 26 and 52 days, thefollowing groups were used: High voltage (HV), HV + Ganoderma lucidum (GI), HV + Melatonin (MEL), and Shamcontrol.MEL (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally and GI (20 mg/kg) as oral lavage. Extremely lowfrequency electric (80.3 V/m) and magnetic fields (2.48 µT) were applied for eight hours per day. Results: The biochemical results of the study show an increase in total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index(OSI) level and a decrease in total antioxidant status (TAS) level in the 26 and 52 day high voltage groups, comparedto the control group. In the high voltage groups, the nitric oxide (NO) value increased with the increase of theexposure period. Testicular mass (p>0.05), TAS, TOS, OSI and NO (p<0.05) were found at 26 days of comparison.Testicular weight, TAS, TOS, OSI (p<0.05), and NO (p>0.05) were found in 52 day comparisons. In routinehistopathology data, we detected effects on both the 26 and 52 day HV groups, such as degeneration in spermatic cellsand full structural deterioration and increasing hyalinisation. We also detected an step up in the ligament cell in thetubular field for the 52-day test groups. In melatonin added group, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positivecells were more active. TUNEL assay analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the the 26 dayexperiment groups (p>0.05), but that there was a significant dissimilarity between the 52 day experiment groups(p<0.05).Conclusions: In our study, the oxidative effect of created by a high voltage results in changes in serum biochemistry ofrats and a number of degenerative deterioration in the histological structure of testes. Aslo, it is shown that theoxidative effect created by a high voltage has negative effects on the creation of spermatogonia. GI partly protectsagainst these effects, while melatonin is more effective in this regard.Öğe Effect of aloe vera on Mmp-1 and Timp-1 expression on diabetic wound healing(Merthan Tunay, 2023) Seyrek, Rohlat; Söker, Sevda; Kaplan, Özge; Başaran, Süreyya Özdemir; Aşır, Fırat; Deveci, Engin; Şeker, UğurAim: The aim of this study is to investigate the healing aspect of aloe vera in diabetes mellitus, which inhibits wound healing. Methods: Diabetes model was created with streptozotocin. At the end of the 14-day experiment, blood glucose was measured from the tail vein of animals in all groups and blood was taken from the heart and sacrificed. Histopathology and immunohistochemical statistics and evaluation were performed. Results: Pycnosis and degeneration of epithelial cells were observed in diabetes groups. Leukocyte infiltration in the dermal papilla, degeneration of collagen fibers and an increase in the extracellular matrix were observed. It was observed that the epithelial layer in the aloe vera group was histologically close to the control group. It was observed that decreased inflammation in the dermal papilla and decreased in organized collagen fibers and vessel dilatation were observed. In the control group, MMP-1 and TIMP-1 expression were positive in the epidermis and dermis layers. In the diabetes group, weak expression of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 was observed in cells in the epidermis and dermis. The expression of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in the surface epithelium in the aloe vera group was increased compared to the diabetes group. Conclusions: Aloe vera accelerated cell and extracellular matrix regeneration with its anti-oxidative activity.Öğe Histological structure of the plastinated kidney following deplastination(Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2022) Baygeldi, Saime Betül; Şeker, Uğur; Güzel, Barış CanPlastination is a laboratory process to obtain permanent dry tissue and organ sample. That can be used in the future for investigation and educational purposes. This methodology is based on dehydration and penetration of synthetic substances such as silicon into tissue. In this study, it was aimed to deplastinate previously plastinated kidneys in order to examine them under the light microscope. In this study, 14 sheep kidneys were used, seven samples of control and seven samples of plastination-deplastination (p / d) group. Kidneys in both control and p/d groups were fixed in 10% formalin. The samples in the control group were embedded in paraffin following routine tissue processing protocol. However, the samples in the p/d group were deplastinated in alcohol and methylbenzene and embedded into paraffin. 5 μm thick sections obtained from paraffin blocks were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid-shiff (PAS) and then examined under the light microscope. Typical histological structures were observed in the control group. Small fragments were obtained as it was challenging to obtain sections from the P/d group blocks. Morphological structures were visible with some pseudo degenerations and wrong staining. This study is the first study that demonstrates alcohol and methylbenzene deplastination can be partially successful for evaluating plastinated kidney samples under a light microscope. However, we believe that the kidney may have limitations due to its wide parenchyma compared with literature conclusions. Nevertheless, more studies are required to develop the optimum protocols.Öğe Identification of major phenolic compounds of Aloe vera and its protective effect on ovaries under oxidative stress in diabetic rats(2023) Kurt, Serdal; Şeker, Uğur; Yazlık, Murat Onur; Hürkul, Muhammed Mesud; Er, Engin; Söker, SevdaThe study investigated the major phenolic compounds of Aloe vera leaf (AVL) by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, and its protective effect on ovaries under oxidative stress of streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. The study was conducted on control (untreated healthy rats; C), diabetes (untreated diabetic rats; D) and diabetes+A. vera treatment (diabetic rats treated with A. vera; D+A) groups. D+A group was given an ethanolic extract of A. vera (300 mg/kg) for 14 days. Major phenolic compounds of AVL were chlorogenic acid and rutin. alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels increased in D group compared to others groups (P<0.01). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and albumin levels were lower and higher in the C group than in other groups, respectively (P<0.01). In the D group compared to other groups, oxidative stress index (OSI) and total oxidant status levels increased, while total antioxidant status level decreased in both ovarian tissues and blood (P<0.01). Preantral and antral follicle counts decreased in the D group according to other groups (P<0.01) and atretic follicle count increased (P<0.05). Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression level (P<0.01), and B-cell lymphoma-2-associated-X- protein (Bax; P<0.01) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression levels (P<0.05) decreased and increased in group D according to other groups, respectively. In conclusion, treatment with AVL decreased OSI, improved follicular dynamics, and restored Bax, TNF-α and PCNA expression in diabetic rats.Öğe Investigation of Blood Natural Killer Cell Activity in Normozoospermic Fertile, Oligozoospermic, Severe-Oligozoospermic, Oligoastenozoospermic, Azoospermic and Idiopathic Individuals(Mardin Artuklu University, 2023) Özmen, M. Ferit; Afşin, Muhamet; Şeker, Uğur; Yavuz, Dilek; Bademkıran, Muhammed Hanifi; Cirit, Ümüt; Yıldırım, İbrahimIntroduction: Infertility is a health problem that negatively affects couples and society in many ways and is becoming increasingly common. It is estimated that 30-40% of these problems are caused by men. It was aimed to determine whether natural killer (Natural Killer: NK) cell activity changes in male individuals with different degrees of infertility problems and in individuals with normal sperm count and concentration (normozoospermia). Methods: NK cell activities were measured from blood samples taken from individuals who were determined to be oligozoospermia, severe-oligozoospermia, oligoastenoozospermia, azoospermia and idiopathic as a result of semen analysis with from individuals diagnosed normozoospermia (n:120). Results: NK cell activity in blood was observed as the lowest in normozoospermia (544.46 pg/ml), but the highest value measured in severe oligozoospermia group (1005.90 pg/ml). On the other hand, NK cell activity was measured 797.60 ± 428.55 pg/ml, 905.34 ± 430.60 pg/ml, 757.66 ± 541.16 pg/ml and 639.44 ± 385.50 pg/ml in oligozoospermia, oligoastenozoospermia, azoospermia and idiopathic groups respectively. While the difference in NK activity between the severe oligozospermia group and the other groups was significant (p0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that NK cell activity was higher in individuals with severe oligozoospermia than normozoospermia, oligozoospermia, oligoastenozoospermia, azoospermia and idiopathic individuals.Öğe INVESTIGATION OF SFLT-1 AND VEGF EXPRESSION IN NORMOTENSIVE AND PREECLAMPTIC PLACENTA. AN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY(Rojan GÜMÜŞ, 2020) Sahin, Firat; Akkuş, Murat; Şeker, Uğur; Soker, Sevda; Gokalp-ozkorkmaz, Ebru; Ağaçayak, Elif; Aşır, FıratObjectives: The pathogenesis of preeclampsia is still not clear, but endothelial dysfunction believed to be one of the most encountered problems during placenta development in preeclamptic patients. Both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its antagonist, soluble Fms-Like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), have roles in vascular function. In this study, we have investigated immunohistochemical expression of VEGF and sFlt-1 in term placenta of normotensive and preeclampsia patients. Methods: Totally twenty term placentas were obtained from pregnant women of which 10 preeclampsia patient and 10 normotensive. Placentas were dissected and tissue samples were subjected to routine tissue processing protocol, then embedded in paraffin blocks. Serial sections were obtained from paraffin blocks and stained with H&E and PAS for routine histopathology. VEGF and sFlt-1 immunohistochemistry was performed to the sections. Results: When compared to control group, severe pathological changes were observed in preeclamptic placentas. Increase in number of syncytial knots and intervillous bridges, hemorrhage in interstitium, dilatation and congestion in villous capillaries, increase in fibrin accumulation in villus stroma, and increase in thickening of basement membrane were very clear. VEGF expression was significantly higher in normotensive placentas compared to preeclamptic. On the other hand, sFlt-1 expression was significantly increased in preeclamptic placentas. Conclusions: When the VEGF and sFlt-1 expression was considered, higher expression of sFlt-1 at preeclampsia, but decrease in VEGF expression, might be related to endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia. Overall, this study demonstrates, imbalance between VEGF and sFlt-1 is one of the major reason of endothelial dysfunction in preeclamptic placenta.Öğe The involvement of the serotonergic system in ketamine and fluoxetine combination-induced cognitive impairments in mice(Ataturk Univ, 2024) Uyar, Emre; Erdinç, Meral; Kelle, İlker; Erdinç, Levent; Şeker, Uğur; Nergiz, YusufBackground: Gluta mater gic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play vital roles in memory formation. Changes in the activity of these receptors influence memory processes. Ketamine is a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist drug with promising mood-altering and pain-reducing effects ff ects in low doses. These effects ff ects are believed to be related to altered serotonergic transmission. Methods: The present study investigated the involvement of the serotonergic system in low-dose ketamine administrations' effects ff ects on memory acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval processes. Sixty-four male BALB/c mice were used in this experiment and separated into 8t groups. Mice were treated subchronically with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine, and a serotonin depletion agent, p-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA). A serotonin antagonist, methiothepin, and ketamine were acutely administered 60 minutes before or after the behavioral tests. A passive avoidance (PA) test measured emotional memory acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval processes. Hippocampi malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were analyzed, and histopathological examinations were performed. Results: Ketamine alone did not significantly affect ff ect memory encoding processes in the PA test, while the ketamine-fluoxetine combination disrupted memory consolidation. Fluoxetine negatively affected ff ected the memory acquisition process, which was normalized during the consolidation and retrieval trials. Drug applications did not significantly alter hippocampal MDA levels. In all ketamine-applied groups, histopathologic alterations were evident. Conclusion: Low-dose ketamine administration induces neurodegeneration, and it also impairs memory functions when combined with fluoxetine, indicating increased serotonergic transmission may be involved in the memory-impairing and neurotoxic effects ff ects of ketamine.Öğe Letter to the Editor: "Protective effect of hydrogen sulfide on experimental testicular ischemia reperfusion in rats" Gains and troubles of an experimental study(Elsevier SCI LTD., 2021) Şeker, UğurI have just read a previously published article in Journal of Pediatric Urology with great in- terest which is corresponded by Bozkurt et al.Öğe Nephroprotective effect of aloe vera extract with regulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis and aquaporin 3 expression levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats(Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, 2023) Şeker, Uğur; Güzel, Barış Can; Akçora, Dila Şener; Baygeldi, Saime Betül; Yüksel, Meral; Demirel, Özlem Unay; Söker, SevdaObjective: In this study we examined the protective activity of Aloe vera with considering anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic properties, and the status of Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) channel protein. Material and Method: Twenty-one adult female rats were divided into three groups (n=7); Control, Diabetes, Treatment. Control group did not expose to any application. Animals in Diabetes and Treatment were exposed to experimental diabetes with administration of streptozotocin. Rats in Treatment received 300 mg/kg Aloe vera extract daily for 14 days. Rats were sacrificed and kidney samples were used for analyses. Result and Discussion: Analyses indicated that lowest malondialdehyde (MDA) and luminol levels in control group were increased significantly (P<0.05) in diabetic animals. Severe pathological changes observed in Diabetes group while microscopic examinations. Bax, Caspase-3 and apoptotic index (AI) were elevated significantly (P<0.05) in this group compared to Control. Oxidative stress, apoptotic protein expression levels and TUNEL Assay positive cell ratio were down-regulated in Treatment group. When AQP3 levels were measured, immunopositivity reduced significantly (P<0.05) in cortical kidney of Diabetes group which is normalized significantly in Treatment group.This study reporting anti-diabetic potency of Aloe vera extract has capability to avoid streptozotocin induced diabetic renal injury via regulating anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant cellular signaling. Furthermore, Aloe vera consumption in diabetes might regulate AQP3 levels. Although we observed promising results, more studies are required to explore anti-diabetic, anti-hyperglycemic and nephroprotective activity of Aloe vera.Öğe The nephroprotective effect of Quercetin in Cyclophosphamide-induced renal toxicity might be associated with MAPK/ERK and NF-κB signal modulation activity(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Şeker, Uğur; Kavak, Deniz Evrim; Dokumacı, Fatma Zehra; Kızıldağ, Sefa; Kandemir, Sevgi İrtegünThe present study aimed to examine the protective effect of quercetin (QUE) on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced nephrotoxicity. For that purpose, 24 mice were divided into four groups (Control, QUE, CTX, and CTX + QUE). The CTX and CTX + QUE groups received 200 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide on the 1st and 7th days. The QUE and CTX + QUE groups were treated with 50 mg/kg of quercetin daily for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed, and kidney samples were analyzed. The results indicated that CTX leads to severe morphological degenerations and disruption in renal function. Serum BUN, Creatinine, Uric acid, tissue Bax, Caspase 3, TNF-α and IL-1β expression levels were upregulated in the CTX group compared to Control and QUE groups (p < 0.05). Although MAPK/ERK phosphorylation level is not affected in CTX group, there was a significant increase in CTX + QUE group (p < 0.05), but the NF-κB was significantly suppressed in this group (p < 0.01). The RT-qPCR results showed that the cyt-c and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio mRNA expression folds were upregulated in the CTX group (p < 0.01), which was downregulated in the CTX + QUE group. However, there was a significant difference in the CTX + QUE group compared to the Control and QUE groups (p < 0.01). The findings showed that administering quercetin along with cyclophosphamide alleviated renal injury by regulating apoptotic and inflammatory expression. Moreover, the administration of quercetin and cyclophosphamide could synergistically improve renal function test results, and activate cellular responses, which upmodulate MAPK/ERK phosphorylation and suppression of NF-κB.Öğe Plastinasyon/Deplastinasyon uygulanmış koyun kalbinde doku morfolojisinin ışık mikroskobik yönden incelenmesi(Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2020) Baygeldi, Saime Betül; Güzel, Barış Can; Şeker, Uğur; Özkan, Z. EnderSilikon plastinasyonu metodu, dokulardaki sıvının aseton ile yer değiştirmesinden sonra asetonun vakum tankında bir silikon-katalizör karışımı ile değiştirilmesi esasına dayanır. Bu işlem neticesinde dayanıklı gerçek biyolojik örnekler elde edilir. Deplastinasyon, plastinasyonu tersine çeviren bir süreçtir ve histopatolojik çalışmalarda yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız koyun kalbine silikon plastinasyonu uygulayarak orjinaline eş ve dayanıklı eğitim materyalleri elde etmek hem de deplastinasyon uygulayarak hem ışık mikroskobunda histolojik olarak inceleme yapabilmektir. Bu amaçla mezbahaneden temin edilen 5 adet koyun kalbi tespit edildikten sonra silikon plastinasyonu işlemine tabi tutuldu. Deplastinasyon aşamaları da uygulanarak mikroskobik olarak incelendi. Sonuç olarak plastine olan koyun kalpleri eldiven gerekmeksizin kullanılabilen ve anatomik situslarını koruyan materyaller halini aldığı gözlendi. Plastinasyon uygulanan örneklerde hem ağırlık, hem de boyutlarında küçülmeler gözlemlendi. Deplastinasyon sonucunda ise histolojik kesitlerde kısmi bozulmalar şekillendiÖğe Radyoterapi uygulanmış ratlarda amifostin, melatonin ve N-asetilsistein'in uterus üzerindeki koruyucu etkilerinin karşılaştırılması(2014) Şeker, UğurGerek radyoterapi uygulamalarının temelini oluşturması bakımından gerekse radyasyona kazara maruz kalma durumunda iyonize radyasyonun hücre üzeride DNA ve doku yaralanmasına neden olmaktadır. Kanser tedavisinde radyoterapi amaçlı kullanılan gama radyasyonu, tümör dışı alanda normal doku yaralanması olarak adlandırılan hasarlar oluşturmaktadır. Akut ve kronik yönde çeşitli semptomlarla kendini gösteren bu durum için çeşitli radyoprotektif ajanlar geliştirilmiştir. Pelvik bölge gama ışıması uygulamalarında uterus üzerinde mikroskobik düzeyde gerçekleştirilmiş çalışma ve araştırmalar kısıtlıdır. Çalışmada 56 adet Sprague Dawley cinsi yetişkin dişi rat kullanılmıştır. Ratlar her grupta 7 hayvan olacak şekilde 8 gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol, amifostin, N-asetilsistein ve melatonin dışında kalan 4 denek grubuna (Radyoterapi, Radyoterapi + Amifostin, Rayoterapi + N-asetilsistein, Radyoterapi + Melatonin) abdomino-pelvik bölgeye tek fraksiyonluk 10 Gray (Gy) gama radyasyonu ışıması yapıldı. Tedavi gruplarına ışımadan 15 dk önce ilgili ajanlar i.p. şekilde enjekte edildi. Işımadan 48 saat sonra deney bitiminde tüm gruplardan alınan uterus dokuları rutin parafin takibine alındı. Elde edilen parafin kesitlere H&E, PAS, Masson trikrom ve TUNEL Assay protokolleri uygulanarak ışık mikroskobunda değerlendirme ve sayım işlemleri gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma sonucu 10 Gy tek fraksiyonluk ışıma yapılan deney hayvanlarında uterus üzerinde akut birçok dejeneratif değişiklik ve apoptotik indekste artış izlenmişken ışımadan 15 dk önce amifostin, melatonin ve N-asetilsistein uygulanan gruplarda iyonize radyasyondan çeşitli oranlarda korunmuşluk tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmamız kanser tedavisi gören kadınlarda pelvik bölge ışımalarında uterusun korunmasına yönelik deney hayvanı modeli niteliğindedir. Çalışmamız sonucunda pelvik bölge ışımasının uterus üzerinde akut evrede morfolojik hasara ve yoğun DNA fragmantasyonuna neden olabileceğini ayrıca amifostin ve N-asetilsistein ajanlarının bu etkiyi indirgemede kullanılabilirliğinin mümkün olduğunu ancak en ideal protektif profilin melatoninle sağlanabildiği sonucuna varıldı.Öğe Ratlarda testiküler torsiyon/detorsiyon hasarına karşı allopurinol ve trolox'un koruyucu etkinliğinin incelenmesi(Dicle Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2019) Şeker, Uğur; Nergiz, Yusuf; Aktaş, AyferAmaç: Bu çalışmada, ratlarda testis torsiyon/detorsiyon modeli uygulayıp iskemi/reperfüzyon ile testiste şekillenen testis hasarına karşı allopurinol ve trolox'un koruyucu etkinliğinin araştırılması hedeflendi. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda 28 adet Sprague Dawley cinsi erkek rat kullanıldı. Ratlar 4 eşit gruba ayrıldı. 1) Kontrol grubu, 2) Torsiyon/Detorsiyon grubu. Bu gruptaki hayvanlara 5 saat süreyle sol testis torsiyonu 2 saat süreyle reperfüzyon uygulandı. 3) Torsiyon/Detorsiyon+Allopurinol grubu. Bu gruptaki hayvanlara grup 2'de uygulanan cerrahi işlemler gerçekleştirildi ve allopurinol enjeksiyonu yapıldı. 4) Torsiyon/Detorsiyon+Trolox grubu. Bu gruptaki hayvanlara 2. gruptaki hayvanlara uygulanan işlemler gerçekleştirilip trolox enjeksiyonu yapıldı. Sakrifiye sonrası kanda MDA düzeyine bakıldı. Testis dokularında ise histopatolojik değerlendirme, Johnsen skorlaması, Procaspase-3, Cleaved Caspase-3, PCNA immunohistokimya ve Apoptotik indeks (AI) için TUNEL-Assay uygulandı. Bulgular: Kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında T/D grubunda MDA düzeyinin, cleaved caspase-3 ekspresyonu'nun, AI'in arttığı, PCNA eskpresyonu ve Johnsen skorlamanın düşüş gösterdiği, procaspase-3 ekspresyonu'nun ise benzer olduğu tespit edildi. T/D+A grubunda histopatolojik hasarın kısmen ortadan kalktığı görüldü. MDA düzeyinin, cleaved caspase-3 ve PCNA ekspresyonunun, AI'in ve Johnsen skoru'nun Kontrol ve T/D grupları arasında bir değer aldığı, procaspase-3 ekspresyonu'nun ise kontrol grubuna benzer olduğu tespit edildi. T/D+T grubunda ise histopatolojik harabiyetin büyük oranda ortadan kalktığı, MDA düzeyinin, procaspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, PCNA ekspresyonunun, AI ve Johnsen skorunun kontrol grubuyla benzer olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç: Trolox'un T/D'un neden olduğu testis hasarını azalttığı kanaatine varıldı.Öğe Severe preeclampsia complicated by HELLP syndrome alters the structure of Hofbauer and syncytiotrophoblast cells: ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study(Sciendo, 2023) Nergiz, Yusuf; Deveci, Engin; Sak, Erdal; Evsen, Sıddık; Tunik, Selçuk; Nergiz, Şebnem; Aşır, Fırat; Şeker, UğurBackground: Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome is generally considered to be a variant or complication of preeclampsia. It is a life-threatening obstetric complication. Objectives: To evaluate the immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural of syncytiotrophoblastand Hoffbauer cells in placental villi of patients with HELLP syndrome. Methods: Two groups of patients with a total of 50 full-term human placentas (n = 25 in each group) were assigned as the control (normotensive) and HELLP syndrome. Placental tissue samples were fixed in 10% neutral formalin and paraffin-embedding protocol was performed. We prepared 5 μm sections for histological and immunohistochemical staining. Sections were immunostained with Hoffbauer cell marker CD68. For transmission electron microscopy (TEM), placental tissue samples were fixed in 2.5% buffered glutaraldehyde and then, in 1% osmium tetroxide for routine ultrastructural examinations. Results: When the HELLP group fetal placental sections were examined, intracytoplasmic edema in syncytiotrophoblast, degenerative vacuoles, and degenerative findings on cell surface membranes were observed. Moreover, villous edema was remarkable. The number of CD68-positive Hoffbauer cells per villus control group sections was 0.23 ± 0.02 and the number of CD68-positive cells per villus in HELLP group placenta sections was 0.83 ± 0.12. The increase in the number of Hoffbauer cells per villus in the HELLP group was significant (P < 0.001). Compared with the control group, there was a significant increase in the number of Hoffbauer cells and syncytiotrophoblasts in the HELLP group, and degenerative changes were also observed in the ultrastructure of these cells. Conclusions: Pathology of the HELLP syndrome is in relation to CD68-positive placental macrophages.Öğe Targeting soluble guanylate cyclase with Riociguat has potency to alleviate testicular ischaemia reperfusion injury via regulating various cellular pathways(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Şeker, Uğur; Kavak, Deniz Evrim; Güzel, Barış Can; Baygeldi, Saime Betül; Yüksel, Meral; Kandemir, Sevgi İrtegün; Şener, Dila; Demirel, Özlem UnayTesticular ischaemia reperfusion (I/R) injury results with serious dysfunctions in testis. This study aims to explore effects of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator Riociguat on experimental testicular I/R injury in rats. Twenty-one male rats were divided into three groups (Control, IR and IRR). The control group was not exposed to any application. Bilateral testis from IR and IRR animals were rotated 720° in opposite directions for 3 h to induce experimental testicular ischaemia. Animals in IR and IRR groups were subjected to 3 h of reperfusion. Isotonic and Riociguat were administered to the animals 30 min prior reperfusion by oral gavage. At the end of experiment, animals were sacrificed and tissue samples were used for analyses. Riociguat treatment significantly decreased tissue malondialdehyde and Luminol levels compared to the IR group (p < 0.05). The pathological changes, pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Caspase 3, and Caspase 9) and apoptotic index in the IR group were down regulated in Riociguat treated animals (p < 0.05). Riociguat treatment was also significantly increased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression, but alleviated tissue injury via modulating pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β levels and significantly (p < 0.05) down-regulating NF-κB activity. Moreover, mTOR and ERK phosphorylation increased in IR group (p < 0.05), but Riociguat treatment reduced protein phosphorylation. Our experiment indicated that targeting sGC might support surgical interventions in testicular I/R injury by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic protein expression levels, but more detailed studies are required to explore the protective activity of Riociguat and underlying mechanisms in testicular I/R injury.
