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    A Classification Tree to Identify Factors Affecting Temporomandibular Disorders
    (Cem TIRINK, 2021) Küçük, Ayşe Özcan; Yılmaz, Utku Nezih; Ege, Bilal; Koparal, Mahmut; Yalçın, Eda Didem; Üçkardeş, Fatih
    To examine the effects of stress, bruxism, malocclusion, and oral habits on the incidence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) using a classification tree method (CTM). We obtained data from a total of 1.338 patients: 669 who had TMDs and 669 who but haven’t TMDs. We recorded interview data on stress and oral habits, and during oral examination, noted malocclusions, bruxism, and any sign of poor oral habits. All data were subjected to CTM analyses. The TMD rate was highest in stressed patients (96.8%), and significantly lower in stress-free patients (25.3%) (P < 0.001). TMD was evident in all patients exhibiting both stress and bruxism (100.0%). In stressed patients lacking bruxism, the effects of malocclusion on TMD were significant (P < 0.001). CTM analyses showed that the most significant factor affecting TMD was stress, followed by bruxism and malocclusion. This is the first report to use CTM to define factors affecting TMD.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Classification Tree Method for Determining Factors Associated with Halitosis
    (Cem TIRINK, 2021) Koparal, Mahmut; Yılmaz, Utku Nezih; Küçük, Ayşe Özcan; Keskinrüzgar, Aydın; Üçkardeş, Fatih
    Decision trees are data mining techniques for extracting hidden knowledge from large databases. This study was performed to establish the risk factors associated with halitosis by applying a decision tree model in a Turkish population and examining the interactions between these factors. We obtained data from a total of 1.290 patients, consisting of 645 patients with halitosis and 645 healthy controls. The subjects’ demographic characteristics, smoking status, alcohol intake, medical history and medications were assessed. The presence of potential intraoral causes of halitosis was determined by investigating perceived oral health problems such as caries, periodontal diseases, tongue coating, and oral cavity pathologies. Halitosis level was evaluated using an organoleptic scale. All data were subjected to classification tree analyses. Halitosis was significantly more common in patients with (80.9%) than without (20.7%) oral health problems (P < 0.001). Halitosis was significantly less common in non-smokers without oral health problems than in smokers with oral health problems (14.5%; P < .001). Halitosis was evident in all patients with oral health problems, smokers, and those with respiratory diseases (100%). The effects of systemic diseases on halitosis were significant in non-smokers without oral health problems (P < 0.05). Respiratory conditions showed significant effects on halitosis in smokers with oral health problems (P < 0.01). We developed a decision tree model to identify risk factors associated with halitosis. The classification tree method showed that the most significant factors affecting halitosis were oral health problems followed by smoking status.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Determination of the effects on learning and memory performance and related gene expressions of clothianidin in rat models
    (SPRINGER, VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS, 2014) Özdemir, Hasan Hüseyin; Kara, Murat; Yumrutaş, Önder; Üçkardeş, Fatih; Eraslan, Ersin; Demir, Caner F.; Bal, Ramazan
    Clothianidin (CLO) is one of the pesticides used to protect against insects, and its potential toxic effects on cognitive functions are not clearly known. This study aims to evaluate the possible effects of dose-dependent CLO on learning and memory in infant and adult male rats and the expression of related genes in the hippocampus. Doses of 2, 8 and 24 mg/kg of CLO were administered to newborn infant and adult albino Winstar rats in the form of gavage and dissolved in vehicle matter. Their cognitive and learning functions were evaluated by the Morris water maze and probe tests. Expression levels of N-methyl D-aspartate 1 (GRIN1), muscuranic receptor M1, synoptophysin (SYP) and growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) of tissues isolated from the hippocampus were determined using the real-time PCR method. In the Morris water maze test, no change (p > 0.05) was exhibited in the adult and infant rats after CLO was applied, although there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in performance between infants and the control group after 24 mg/kg was applied in the probe test. Also, expression levels GRIN1, M1, SYP, GAP-43 did not change when compared to the control (p > 0.05). Our study shows that exposure to high doses of CLO causes deterioration of cognitive functions in infant rats.