A novel bio-solid phase extractor for preconcentrations of Hg and Sn in food samples

Abstract

An ecofriendly preconcentration method was developed based on the use of Geobacillus galactosidasius sp. nov immobilized on Amberlite XAD-4 as an adsorbent for the preconcentrations of Hg and Sn. SEM-EDX performed for the investigation of surface functionality and morphology. The detailed investigations of factors such as pH of the solution, flow rate, interfering ions and sample volume have been thanks to the optimization of the preconcentration system. The optimum pHs were found as 5.0-7.0 for Hg and Sn and also the optimum flow rates were determined as 2 mL min(-1) for recovery of Hg and Sn. Under the best experimental conditions, limits of detections (LOD) were found as 0.53 ng mL(-1) for Hg and 0.27 ng mL(-1) for Sn. RSDs were calculated as 8.2% for Hg and 6.9% for Sn. The process was validated to use certified references (fish samples). ICP-OES was used to measure the levels of Hg and Sn in various real meal patterns after the devised technique was used. Concentrations of Hg and Sn were quantitively measured on gluten-free biscuit, flour, rice, Tuna fish, meat, chicken meat, potato, chocolate, coffee, tap water, energy drink and mineral water samples with low RSD. The developed method emerges as an innovative technology that will eliminate the low cost and toxic effect.