Bulut, MahmutCati, SongulGunes, MehmetKaya, Mehmet CemalKaplan, IbrahimOzkan, Mustafa2024-04-242024-04-2420190165-1781https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.073https://hdl.handle.net/11468/15979Mania is accompanied with immune activation as indicated by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, acute phase proteins; and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is known to accompany signs of immune-inflammatory responses in bipolar disorder (BD) and medical disorders. In this study, it was aimed to compare high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), CEA levels and white blood cells (WBCs) counts in the treatment-resistant BD (Group 3), the treatment-responsive BD patients (Group 2), and the healthy control group (Group 1). The socio-demographic data form, the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and the Clinical Global Impression Severity of Illness (CGI-S) Scale were applied to the patients. In Group 3, the WBCs counts, and CEA levels were significantly higher than the other two groups. There was a positive correlation between WBCs counts and YMRS and CGI-S scores in all manic patients. There was a positive correlation between CEA levels and YMRS, HDRS and CGI-S in manic patients. This study shows that there is an activation of the immune-inflammatory response system in treatment resistant manic patients; and, WBCs counts and CEA levels are associated with severity of disease in manic patients.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessBipolar DisorderTreatment-Resistant ManiaInflammationHscrpCeaWbcArticle2727379WOS:0004609944000112-s2.0-850586237473057918510.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.073Q1Q2