İpek, Mehmet ŞahYılmaz, Adil2025-03-082025-03-0820212636-8579https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.938395https://hdl.handle.net/11468/31466Pial arteriovenous fistulas (PAVFs) are extremely rare vascular malformations of the brain, and associated with greater morbidity and mortality in neonates and infants. We reported a neonatal case of giant multi-hole PAVFs presented with heart failure and local brain atrophy. The challenges associated with the complexity, outcome and therapeutic options of neonatal PAVFs was discussed. In addition, a review of the published literature on cases of PAVFs diagnosed at neonatal age, over the last two decades, was performed. Comprehensive prognostic evaluation and an optimal treatment strategy offered by a multidisciplinary team at specialized centers should be assured for each case affected.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesspial arteriovenous fistulacerebral arteriovenous malformationtreatmentoutcomeneonateArticle4452052310.32322/jhsm.938395