Askin, MuzafferAbedi, HabibSalti, Mustafa2024-04-242024-04-2420151221-146Xhttps://hdl.handle.net/11468/22751In the present study, we discuss a non-equilibrium picture of thermodynamics at the apparent horizon of flat Friedmann-Roberton-Walker universe in f(T,theta) theory of gravity, where T is the torsion scalar and theta is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. Mainly, we investigate the validity of the first and second laws of thermodynamics in this scenario. We consider two descriptions of the energy-momentum tensor of dark energy density and pressure and discuss that an equilibrium picture of gravitational thermodynamics can not be given in both cases. Furthermore, we also conclude that the second law of gravitational thermodynamics can be achieved both in phantom and quintessence phases of the universe.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessThermodynamicsDark MatterArticle601-24455WOS:000351190000005Q2