Thoracic mass lesions on imaging: Beware of tuberculosis cases

Tuberculosis (TB) and thoracic malignancy mimic each other clinically, and pose diagnostic challenges. Both diseases are characterised by similar symptoms. We aimed to emphasise that some forms of TB are associated with misleading clinical and radiological manifestations. We present a retrospective study of clinical and pathological results of 10 cases with a preliminary presumptive diagnosis of thoracic malignancy. All patients were found to have TB without evidence of malignancy and were successfully treated with standard antibiotherapy after completion of diagnostic procedures. TB should be considered as a noteworthy differential diagnosis in patients living in TB-endemic countries, and biopsy plays a vital role in correctly diagnosing TB.